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  3. Male chauvinism — the attitude that women are the passive and inferior servants of society and of men — sets women apart from th

Male chauvinism — the attitude that women are the passive and inferior servants of society and of men — sets women apart from th

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问题     Male chauvinism — the attitude that women are the passive and inferior servants of society and of men — sets women apart from the rest of the working class. Even when they do the same work as men, women are not considered workers in the same sense, with the need and right to work to provide for their families or to support themselves independently. They are expected to accept work at lower wages and without job security. Thus they can be used as a marginal or reserve labor force when profits depend on extra low costs or when men are needed for war.
    Women are not supposed to be independent, so they are not supposed to have any "right to work". This means, in effect, that although they do work, they are denied the right to organize and fight for better wages and conditions. Thus the role of women in the labor force undermines the struggles of male workers as well. The boss can break a union drive by threatening to hire lower paid women or blacks. In many cases, where women are organized, the union contract reinforces their inferior position, making women the least loyal and militant union members.(Standard Oil workers in San Francisco recently paid the price of male supremacy. Women at Standard Oil have the least chance for advancement and decent pay, and the union has done little to fight this. Not surprisingly, women formed the core of the back to work move that eventually broke the strike.)
    In general, because women are defined as docile, helpless, and inferior, they are forced into the most demeaning and mind rotting jobs — from scrubbing floors to filing cards — under the most oppressive conditions where they are treated like children or slaves. Their very position reinforces the idea, even among the women themselves, that they are fit for and should be satisfied with this kind of work.
    Apart from the direct, material exploitation of women, male supremacy acts in more subtle ways to undermine class consciousness. The tendency of male workers to think of themselves primarily as men(i.e., powerful)rather than as workers(i.e., members of an oppressed group)promotes a false sense of privilege and power, and an identification with the world of men, including the boss. The petty dictatorship which most men exercise over their wives and families enables them to vent their anger and frustration in a way which poses no challenge to the system. The role of the man in the family reinforces aggressive individualism, authoritarianism, and a hierarchical view of social relations — values which are fundamental to the perpetuation(不朽)of capitalism. In this system we are taught to relieve our fears and frustrations by brutalizing those weaker than we are: a man in uniform turns into a pig; the foreman intimidates the man on the line; the husband beats his wife, child, and dog.
Many women also think they deserve oppressive jobs because_____.
选项 A、they are taught by society to believe so
B、their husbands do not expect them to have better jobs
C、their poor conditions strengthen their mental acceptance
D、they gradually begin to love those jobs they do
答案C
解析 这是一道细节题。文章第三段指出：由于女性被定义成温顺、无助和低下的性别，所以她们被迫在最令人难以忍受的环境中做最卑下、最腐蚀思想的工作；正是她们的这种状况强化了这样的观念——她们适合做这种工作，也应该满足于这种工作，甚至女性自己也这样认为。这说明，原因是她们的状况强化了她们的观念。C说“她们的恶劣环境强化了她们的思想认同感”，这与文章的意思符合。文中没有提到A和B：D明显与文章的意思不符合。
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考研英语一

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