首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Microbiome helps us by digesting our food, training our immune systems and crowding out other harmful microbes that could cause
Microbiome helps us by digesting our food, training our immune systems and crowding out other harmful microbes that could cause
admin
2018-06-29
39
问题
Microbiome helps us by digesting our food, training our immune systems and crowding out other harmful microbes that could cause disease. In return, everything from the food we eat to the medicines we take can shape our microbial communities — with important implications for our health. Studies have found that changes in our microbiome accompany medical problems from obesity to diabetes to colon cancer.
As these correlations have unfurled, so has the hope that we might fix these ailments by
shunting
our bugs toward healthier states. The gigantic probiotics industry certainly wants you to think that, although there is little evidence that swallowing a few billion yogurt-borne bacteria has more than a small impact on the trillions in our guts. The booming genre of microbiome diet books — self-help manuals for the bacterial self — peddles a similar line, even though our knowledge of microbe-manipulating menus is still in its infancy.
This quest for a healthy microbiome has led some people to take measures that are far more extreme than simply spooning up yogurt. In September, the archaeology writer Jeff Leach used a turkey baster to infuse his guts with the feces of a Hadza tribesman from Tanzania. Doctors have carried out hundreds of fecal transplants, particularly to treat people with unshakable infections of the diarrhea-causing bacterium Clostridium difficile. The procedure has been spectacularly successful, far more than conventional antibiotics.
Mr. Leach experimented on himself because he views the Western microbiome as " a hot microbial mess". He believed the Hadza, with their traditional hunter-gatherer lifestyle, carry diverse microbial communities that are presumably closer to a healthier and disappearing ideal. Hence the stunt with the turkey baster. This reasoning invokes an increasingly common trope: that there is a "normal" or "healthy" microbiome that one should aim for. There is not.
"Healthy" microbes can easily turn rogue. Those in our guts are undoubtedly helpful, but if they cross the lining of the intestine and enter our bloodstream, they can trigger a debilitating immune response.
Conversely, "unhealthy" configurations of microbes can be normal, even necessary. Researchers found that microbiomes go through a huge upheaval by the third trimester of pregnancy. They end up looking like the microbiomes of people with metabolic syndrome — a disorder that involves obesity, high blood sugar and a higher risk of diabetes and heart disease. These communities might indicate someone on the verge of chronic disease — or merely motherhood. Packing fat and building up blood sugar makes sense when you are nourishing a growing fetus.
The microbiome is a teeming collection of thousands of species, all constantly competing with one another, evolving, changing. We must embrace its complexity if we hope to benefit from it.
Which of the following is NOT true about the archaeology writer Jeff Leach?
选项
A、He was infected with the diarrhea-causing bacterium Clostridium difficile.
B、He transplanted the feces of a Hadza tribesman from Tanzania.
C、He wants to improve the diversity of the Western microbiome.
D、He believes that the Hadza carry healthier microbiome than him.
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/OXMO777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI二级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI二级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
TodayI’dliketotalkabouthowtobecomea(1).Usuallyyouhavetostartatthebeginning.Thatis,youhavetobegin(2)of
Beijing:TheUnitedStatesandNorthKoreahadtheirfirst【L1】______infourmonthsherethisafternoonaspartofthe【L2】______n
A、正确B、错误B推理判断题。根据原文Butwhensoccerseasonstarted,insteadof“directing”mykidssoIcouldgetgoodvideo,Icheeredwhen…可知足球赛季
A、正确B、错误B特定信息的找寻和判断。根据原文Parents,spouses,teammates,colleagues,friends,classmatesorplaymatescanallbeleadersiftheysodes
LightningCloud-to-groundlightningboltsareacommonphenomenon,about100strikeEarth’ssurfaceeverysinglesecond,yet
Whatplayedanimportantroleinpushingcohabitationrateshigher?
It’scommonknowledgethatplantsregularlyexposedtofiretendtohavefeaturesthathelpthemcopewithit—suchasthickbark
Nowwhicharetheanimalsreallytobepitiedincaptivity?First,thosecleverbeingswhoselivelyurgeforactivitycanfindn
Imagineasocietyinwhichcashnolongerexists.Instead"cash"iselectronic,asinbankcardsystems.Currencyandcoinareab
随机试题
女性,32岁。心悸气促,反复咯血。查体:心率102次/分,心尖区触及舒张期震颤,心尖部可闻及开瓣音。心电图示房颤。该患者最可能的诊断是
清朝末期进行了一系列的“预备立宪”活动,下列说法错误的是:
下列哪些情况出现时,旅游投诉管理机关可以做出不受理的决定()
能否自觉关注学生是衡量一个教师是否成长成熟的重要标志之一。()
“电视儿童”对学前儿童的人格发展产生了不利的影响。
除汉字外,我国现行的第五套人民币上的少数民族文字有()。
行为塑造和行为矫正的原理和依据是()
我国刑法规定的基本原则有()
设x∈[0,a]时f(x)连续且f(x)>0(x∈(0,a]),又满足f(x)=求f(x).
Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthedesignofcities,buildingsandproducts.Whenwe
最新回复
(
0
)