2. 医学
  3. By the year 2020 more than 1000 million of the people in the world will be over 60 years old, and more than two-thirds of them w

By the year 2020 more than 1000 million of the people in the world will be over 60 years old, and more than two-thirds of them w

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问题     By the year 2020 more than 1000 million of the people in the world will be over 60 years old, and more than two-thirds of them will be living in developing countries. In the early 1950s, average life expectancy at birth was 47 years worldwide. In 1995 it was more than 65 years, and in several countries it was almost 80. Change of this magnitude amounts to a revolution in both demographic and cultural terms. It has been brought about partly by socioeconomic factors, such as better nutrition and living conditions, and partly by improvements in health care. Not only do we have drugs and treatments to cure diseases that in the past led to premature death, we also have vaccines to prevent many of these diseases, and in some cases even to eradicate them. Furthermore, a larger proportion of the world’ s population has ready access to effective medicine.
    If the main public health challenge of this century has been survival, that of the next will be quality of life. With the steadily rising number of children who reach adulthood and adults who reach old age, the most pressing concern becomes that of ensuring that all of them enjoy the highest attainable level of well-being.
    To help promote a global response to this major societal concern. WHO launched a new programme on ageing and health in 1995. Its perspectives and activities are described in this issue of World Health, together with some of the ways in which society is responding to this new phenomenon of a growing elderly population. Health is generally felt to be of paramount importance for the quality of life, especially in old age, when physiological and other difficulties tend to accumulate and the end of life approaches. There are many more ways of protecting and improving health than people generally realize, and these articles provide valuable insights into the possibilities that exist.
According to the passage, the change of average life expectancy at birth was due to______.
选项 A、a revolution in both demography and culture
B、premature and natural death
C、socioeconomic factors and improvements in health care
D、both A and B
答案C
解析
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