首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The interrelationship of science, technology, and industry is taken for granted today—summed up, not altogether accurately, as "
The interrelationship of science, technology, and industry is taken for granted today—summed up, not altogether accurately, as "
admin
2018-06-06
74
问题
The interrelationship of science, technology, and industry is taken for granted today—summed up, not altogether accurately, as "research and development". Yet historically this widespread faith in the economic virtues of science is a relatively recent phenomenon, dating back in the United States about 150 years, and in the Western world as a whole not over 300 years at most. Even in this current era of large scale, intensive research and development, the interrelationships involved in this process are frequently misunderstood. Until the coming of the Industrial Revolution, science and technology evolved for the most part independently of each other. Then as industrialization became increasingly complicated, the craft techniques of preindustrial society gradually gave way to a technology based on the systematic application of scientific knowledge and scientific methods. This changeover started slowly and progressed unevenly. Until late in the nineteenth century, only a few industries could use scientific techniques or cared about using them. The list expanded noticeably after 1870, but even then much of what passed for the application of science was "engineering science" rather than basic science.
Nevertheless, by the middle of the nineteenth century, the rapid expansion of scientific knowledge and of public awareness—if not understanding—of it had created a belief that the advance of science would in some unspecified manner automatically generate economic benefits. The widespread and usually uncritical acceptance of this thesis led in turn to the assumption that the application of science to industrial purposes was a linear process, starting with fundamental science, then proceeding to applied science or technology, and through them to industrial use. This is probably the most common pattern, but it is not invariable. New areas of science have been opened up and fundamental discoveries made as a result of attempts to solve a specific technical or economic problem. Conversely, scientists who mainly do basic research also serve as consultants on projects that apply research in practical ways.
In sum, the science-technology-industry relationship may flow in several different ways, and the particular channel it will follow depends on the individual situation. It may at times even be multidirectional.
Which of the following statements does the passage support?
选项
A、The development of science and industry is now interdependent.
B、Basic scientific research can’t generate practical applications.
C、Industries should spend less money on research and development.
D、Science and technology are becoming more separate.
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Q9SO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI中级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI中级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
MaintainingFriendshipinAdolescenceSecondaryschoolcanbea【C1】______placeforadolescentswhodon’thaveabestfriend
TheclimateinSouthChina,whererainsandstormsarecommonoccurrences,ismuchmorehumidthanthatofXinjiang,afrozenla
Inhisbook,theauthorpresentssomestrategiesonMarketingfortheenterprisesto________thefinancialrisksandstrivefort
下面你将听到的是一段有关中国教育改革与发展的讲话。党的十一届三中全会以来,随着党和国家工作重点转移到以经济建设为中心。教育在社会主义现代化建设中的地位和作用也越来越重要,我国教育的改革和发展取得了很大的成就。进入20世纪90年代,科学
A、Theyheldprotestsagainstthegovernmentonthestreet.B、Theybecameindependentcanefarmers.C、Theywerecompensatedwith
A、Theypreparedtheransomdemandedbythekidnapperssoastorescuethevictims.B、TheydemandedthatthelocalNigerianautho
A、Atthewoman’soffice.B、Atthemaingate.C、Insidetheparkinglot.D、Insidetheshowroom.B
A、Theemployeemonitoring.B、ThecitizenshipinIllinois.C、Massmediapermits.D、Educationortrainingofemployees.A
A、satisfiedwiththecurrentcivilianuseoftheelement.B、thedestructionofnucleararmssurpassescivilianproduction.C、con
随机试题
Peterproposedthataspecialcommittee______tostudytheproblem.
A、丹参B、红花C、益母草D、桃仁E、怀牛膝具有逐瘀通经,补肝肾,强筋骨功效的药物是
发生在所有牙面发育窝沟点隙的龋损所备成的窝洞发生在后牙邻面的龋损所备成的窝洞
局部清查的范围有( )。
什么是收益法?收益法适用的前提条件是什么?
缺口分析和久期分析采用的都是()敏感性分析方法。
真理和谬误互相贯通的含义是指()。
客观唯心主义把世界看作是彼此孤立,静止不变的,或者把变化看作是某种外力作用而产生的量变。()
过渡期
A、Therewardsfortheleader.B、Thereputationofaleader.C、Theapproachtoachievinggoals.D、Thepaymentofemployees.C本题为领
最新回复
(
0
)