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  3. Scientific advances sometimes come as lightning flashes of inspiration. But when scientists sit down to record and take credit o

Scientific advances sometimes come as lightning flashes of inspiration. But when scientists sit down to record and take credit o

admin2022-04-20  93
问题     Scientific advances sometimes come as lightning flashes of inspiration. But when scientists sit down to record and take credit of what they’ve found, they still use much the same method they have for decades—an article published in a scholarly journal.
    But science’s old-fashioned traditions are changing. The Internet has opened up new forms of publishing in which anyone in the world can find and read a scientific paper. And papers themselves are becoming more interactive, leading readers to the underlying data, videos, and discussions that augment their value. With blogs and e-books providing easy means of self-publishing, some observers are speculating that scholarly journals and their controversial system of peer reviews may not be needed at all.
    "The traditional journal publishing medium we’ve grown accustomed to really needs to evolve and change because that’s not the way people are accessing information," says Mark Gerstein, a professor of biomedical informatics at Yale University in New Haven, Conn. Dr. Gerstein cowrote an article, "The Death of the Scientific Paper," which appeared last year on The-Scientist. com, an online science magazine.
    If the hopes of innovators bear fruit, scientific advances will come ever more quickly as online publishing makes past research easier to access and share widely. One new scientific publication, available only online, may signal what’s ahead. The PLoS ONE (plosone. org), a journal begun by the Public Library of Science (PLoS) last month, aims to put as many new scientific articles as possible on the Internet to be read by anyone, free of charge.
    At PLoS ONE, which aspires to be a general science journal along the lines of Science and Nature, the papers themselves are only a starting point. Readers can annotate, comment on, and criticize the findings: Their contributions become permanently attached to the original article. At least one commentator has likened this process to a kind of "electronic Talmud" in which the original document receives elaborate commentary and discussion that over time adds greatly to its value.
    In coming months, says Chris Surridge, the managing editor of PLoS ONE, readers also will be able to rate papers on their quality, such as how surprising or groundbreaking the results were— much in the way Netflix subscribers rate movies they rent using one-to five-star ratings. In this sense, PLoS ONE is moving toward a Web 2. 0 model, which focuses on user-generated content strategies already used by websites such as Digg. com, Slashdot. org, or Amazon. com.
The purpose of the PLoS ONE is to________.
选项 A、let people obtain the most accurate information
B、make more articles accessible and shared by people
C、have more individuals contribute their essays
D、save the money for publishing scientific journals
答案B
解析 本题是细节题。根据题干定位至第四段末句。该句提到The PLoS ONE，a journal begun by the Public Library of Science(PLoS)last month，aims to put as many new scientific articles as possible on the Internet to be read by anyone，free of charge(这个名为PLoS ONE的期刊网站，上个月由公共科学图书馆创办，旨在尽可能多地在互联网上发表新的科学文章，供所有人免费阅读)，故答案选B。文章提到的最直接的目的在于让任何人都可以免费读到尽可能多的科学论文，但A项中的the most accurate过于绝对，故排除；C项错在contribute(投稿)，文章提到的是免费阅读论文，并非投稿，故排除；文章提到对读者是免费的，只是阅读免费，不是出版科学论文可以免费或减少费用，故排除D项。
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