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  3. Heart disease has long been Britain’s biggest single killer. Despite our efforts to ward off its risk factors with more exercise

Heart disease has long been Britain’s biggest single killer. Despite our efforts to ward off its risk factors with more exercise

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问题     Heart disease has long been Britain’s biggest single killer. Despite our efforts to ward off its risk factors with more exercise and a healthier diet, the statistics remain sobering—particularly if you are a man. According to the British Heart Foundation, one in seven men will die from heart disease compared with one in 11 women, and of the 2. 3 million people living with heart disease in the UK, 60 percent are men.
    Professor Jamie Waterall, the national lead for cardiovascular disease prevention at PHE, says there are many reasons why more men than women are suffering heart disease. "Women do have the advantage of some hormonal protection of the heart prior to the menopause, which lessens their risk, but from that age onwards things should even out. But men continue to display an abundance of risky lifestyle behaviours that make them more vulnerable. They eat more, drink more, smoke more, for example. "
    Numerous studies have shown that excess belly fat, even if you are skinny everywhere else, can be deadly. "Fat around the middle—especially the deep visceral fat hidden in your abdomen—has been linked to a higher risk of heart disease because these fat cells produce damaging toxic substances," Allen says.
    Previously, men were advised to drink no more than three to four units of alcohol a day, which technically meant they could consume 28 units a week. The latest rules have cut that to no more than 14 units. Cutting down is one thing, but you should also spread your alcohol intake and have " several drink-free days per week" , according to the charity Drinkaware. Doing so can help your weight and cholesterol levels, both bad for the heart, to drop.
    According to the smoking cessation charity Ash, smoking at any age causes about 14 percent of deaths from heart disease. If you are a smoker, stopping is the single most important thing you can do.
    Switching to e-cigarettes or vaping is a positive move—provided that you eventually stop for good. In February a study from the University of California revealed that people who vape are more likely to have higher adrenaline levels and more stress in the heart, both of which have an adverse effect on cardiovascular health. "In the short term, using e-cigarettes may be useful as a stepping stone to quitting, but the ultimate goal is to stop using them too," says Allen.
This passage is mainly about______.
选项 A、the effect of lifestyles on heart health
B、gender discrimination in hospitals
C、the importance of keeping slim
D、the way of quit smoking
答案A
解析 主旨题。本文主要讨论了英国男性心脏病发病率高于女性，并且分析了原因以及对策，指出不良的生活习惯如过量饮食、喝酒和吸烟是引发心脏病的重要原因。故答案选[A]。[B]“医院里的性别歧视”，[C]“保持身材苗条的重要性”和[D]“戒烟的方法”，均为无关选项。
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