首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Informed public debate critical to future of genomic medicine Just mentioning "stem-cell research" or "genomic medicine" can
Informed public debate critical to future of genomic medicine Just mentioning "stem-cell research" or "genomic medicine" can
admin
2012-11-22
154
问题
Informed public debate critical to future of genomic medicine
Just mentioning "stem-cell research" or "genomic medicine" can open a floodgate of beliefs, concerns and, misinformation. Opinions are varied, mixed with fact and fiction, but one thing is clear: Open dialogue among researchers, teachers and the general public must continue as we struggle to define the relationship between our societal values and lifesciences research.
When the University of Washington .and the National Human Genome Research Institute hosted a community genetics forum last spring, questions abounded from the standing-room-only crowd about the implications of genetic research.
When is information about genetic health risks most helpful? Should genetic testing results be part of medical records and how would the results be used potentially by insurance companies? How can genetic testing benefit the criminal-justice system, such as establishings guilt or innocence using DNA testing,
The Human Genome Project will lead to amazing advances in medical science that will result in earlier diagnosis, more-targeted treatment, and a dramatic improvement in our ability to prevent terrible diseases. Genomic medicine will mean more personalized medicine tailored to the individual.
But these advances also carry inherent risks.
The obvious benefits of "personalized medicine" —use of genetic tests to guide preventive care and better drug prescribing—are counterbalanced by the possibility that such tests could lead to discrimination by insurers or employers. And, since genetic risk is often only one of the contributing factors to disease, overemphasis on personalized medicine could burden our health-care system with genetic tests of little or no benefit.
For example, smoking, diet and exercise play major roles in the risk of diabetes and heart disease. Identification of a genetic risk for these diseases can provide specific information for more-effective preventive care, but should not detract from pursuit of a healthy lifestyle.
The greatest health benefits of genomic research likely will come from insights into the basic biology of health and disease. This will ultimately lead to improved prevention and treatment—often without any need for genetic testing—for many diseases. The outcome from this research can be "precision medcine" —a morecost-effective approach to providing high-quality care. Thus, genomic medicine has the potential to improve the value of health care.
An example of the potential of genomic medicine to improve quality and reduce cost is the work of UW researchers Mark Rieder, Allan Rettie and Debbie Nickerson. They recently reported the discovery of a genetic method for accurately determining the proper dosage of a common blood-thinning drug, warfarin, which often produces adverse side effects because of its highly variable activity in patients.
Millions of people worldwide take worldwide to prevent stroke and blood clots, yet require expensive, constant testing from their physician to ensure proper dosage. These scientists’ findings illustrate how the powerful DNA analysis tools of the Human Genome Project are leading to a new era of tailoring drugs and therapies to an individual’s genome. Genomic medicine can lead to more-precise, personalized and cost- effective health care.
Medical advances always involve risk of harm, and genomic medicine is no exception. While technical issues require scientific research, we believe the challenges posed by genetic testing are far too critical to be left to the deliberation of scientists alone.
All members of society should have the opportunity to engage in collaborative discussion about the benefits and harms of genetic testing. Informed public discussion is vital to continue advances that hold so much promise for improving the value of health care.
Both educational resources and major organizational efforts will be needed to create opportunities for open discussion. But the most important resources are people’s time and their willingness to invest it in these discussions.
Researchers, teachers and the media have an obligation to create opportunities for sharing accurate, well-balanced information about potential uses of genomic technology.
Genomic medicine can lead to ______ health care.
选项
答案
more-precise, personalized and cost-effective
解析
答案在第十段最后一句
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/T2w7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Manypeopleviewretirementasatimetostopworking.Butnewresearchshowsthatpeoplewhotakeonfull-orpart-timejobsaft
A、Shehaslostsomeofherimportantstuff.B、Thereissomethingwrongwithhereyes.C、Shedoesn’tknowhowtousesteeltobui
Ifyouarealways______byuncertaintyindoinganything,you’llcometonothing.
Sheputherselfthroughmanyriskyexperiencesontheroad,alongwithsome______politicalactivity.
Weknowlittleaboutthewayinwhichworkers’motivationsare______bythecreationofapowerfulmarkettest.
Eventhoughshehadn’tseenitformanyyears,thewoman______hersons’handwriting.
Everybodywastestime.Insteadofdoinghishomework,theschoolboywatches【36】.Insteadofwritingher【37】,thestudentgoesou
______(正是由于她太没有经验)thatshegotcheatedandlostmuchmoneyinthebusiness.
A、Theymustpaymorethanout-of-statestudents.B、Onlyafewareaccepted.C、Theyarenoteligibleforscholarships.D、Theirsc
随机试题
人体内缺乏维生素B12引起________。
试述我国报业集团的特征与优势。
设f(x)是可导函数,且=-1,则曲线y=f(x)在点(1,(f))处的切线斜率为()
高锰酸钾标准溶液必须放置于
8个月男婴Ⅱ°烧伤时每1%面积、公斤体重额外丢失补液量为( )。【2005年考试真题】
在以下有关十枣汤的说法中,不适宜的项是
金某因举报单位负责人贪污问题遭到殴打,于案发当日向某区公安分局某派出所报案,但派出所久拖不理。金某向区公安分局申请复议,区公安分局以未成立复议机构为由拒绝受理,并告知金某向上级机关申请复议。下列哪些说法是正确的?
民事诉讼中,当事人应当承担举证责任。但根据有关规定,下列事实当事人无需举证的有()。
林老师最近家里出了点事情,很是心烦,但是她始终保持积极的工作态度,用微笑面对每一个学生。这体现了林老师()。
设{un}是数列,则下列命题正确的是().
最新回复
(
0
)