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外语
Interpret the following passage from English into Chinese. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passage
Interpret the following passage from English into Chinese. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passage
admin
2019-10-14
18
问题
Interpret the following passage from English into Chinese. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passage only once. Now, let’s begin.
下面你将听到一段关于学习外语的好处的讲话。
Learning a foreign language has a number of advantages. It is more than just a boost to your life experience or handy for travelling. It will make you smarter, more decisive and even better at English, says Anne Merritt, a linguist.
Physiological studies have found that speaking two or more languages is a great asset to the cognitive process. The brains of bilingual people operate differently than single language speakers, and these differences offer several mental benefits.
Firstly, you become smarter. Speaking a foreign language improves the functionality of your brain by challenging it to recognize, negotiate meaning, and communicate in different language systems. This skill boosts your ability to negotiate meaning in other problem-solving tasks as well. Students who study foreign languages tend to score better on standardized tests than their monolingual peers, particularly in the categories of maths, reading, and vocabulary.
Secondly, you build multitasking skills. Multilingual people, especially children, are skilled at switching between two systems of speech, writing, and structure. According to a study from the Pennsylvania State University, this "juggling" skill makes them good multi-taskers, because they can easily switch between different structures. In one study, participants used a driving simulator while doing separate, distracting tasks at the same time. The research found that people who spoke more than one language made fewer errors in their driving.
Thirdly, your memory improves. Educators often liken the brain to a muscle, because it functions better with exercise. Learning a language involves memorizing rules and vocabulary, which helps strengthen that mental "muscle" . This exercise improves overall memory, which means that multiple language speakers are better at remembering lists or sequences. Studies show that bilinguals are better at retaining shopping lists, names, and directions.
Lastly, your decision-making skills improve. According to a study from the University of Chicago, bilinguals tend to make more rational decisions. Any language contains nuance and subtle implications in its vocabulary, and these biases can subconsciously influence your judgment. Bilinguals are more confident with their choices after thinking it over in the second language and seeing whether their initial conclusions still stand up.
选项
答案
学外语有很多好处。它不仅能丰富你的阅历或者方便旅行,还会让你更聪明,更果断,甚至让你的母语更棒。这是语言学家安妮-梅里特(Anne Merritt)的观点。 生理研究还发现:能讲两种或以上的语言对于认知过程大有帮助,是一笔莫大的财富。能讲两种语言的人们,其大脑运转方式和只能讲一种语言的人是不同的。这种不同带来了很多脑力方面的帮助。 第一,你会变得更聪明。讲外语会迫使你的大脑去识别、调整语义,并且在不同的语言系统中交流,以此提升大脑的功能。此技能也会帮助你在解决其他问题时懂得调整。学习外语的学生,和只会讲一种语言的同学相比,更倾向于在标准化考试中取得更好的成绩,尤其是在数学、阅读和词汇这些范畴。 第二,你会拥有同时执行多项任务的技能。能讲多种语言的人,尤其是小孩子,擅长在两种口语、写作和结构系统中转换。宾州州立大学的一项研究表明,这种“玩戏法”的技能让他们能够很好地同时执行多项任务,因为他们可以轻易地在不同架构中转换。在一项研究中,参与者在使用模拟驾驶系统的同时,做了其他分散注意力的事情。研究发现,能讲多种语言的人在这种驾驶过程中更少出错。 第三,你的记忆力会提升。大脑越用越灵活,所以教育者通常将大脑比作肌肉。学习一门语言需要记忆规则和词汇,这些有助于锻炼你的认知“肌肉"。这样的锻炼会全面提升你的记忆力,这意味着能讲多种语言的人更擅长于记忆列表或者次序。研究显示,双语学习者更擅长记住购物清单、人名和方位。 最后,你更会做决定。根据芝加哥大学的一项研究,能讲两种语言的人倾向于做出更理性的决定。任何语言的词汇都包含细微的差别和微妙的暗示,而这些偏差会潜意识地影响你的判断。能讲多种语言的人会用第二语言考虑自己最初的结论是否成立,之后他们会对自己的决定更加自信。
解析
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