2. 外语
  3. 当前，国际金融危机已从局部发展到全球，从发达国家传导到新兴市场国家，从金融领域扩散到实体经济领域，给世界各国经济发展和人民生活带来严重影响。值此关键时刻，我们在这里共同探讨维护国际金融稳定、促进世界经济增长的举措，具有十分重要的意义。// 我们正在

当前，国际金融危机已从局部发展到全球，从发达国家传导到新兴市场国家，从金融领域扩散到实体经济领域，给世界各国经济发展和人民生活带来严重影响。值此关键时刻，我们在这里共同探讨维护国际金融稳定、促进世界经济增长的举措，具有十分重要的意义。// 我们正在

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问题     当前，国际金融危机已从局部发展到全球，从发达国家传导到新兴市场国家，从金融领域扩散到实体经济领域，给世界各国经济发展和人民生活带来严重影响。值此关键时刻，我们在这里共同探讨维护国际金融稳定、促进世界经济增长的举措，具有十分重要的意义。//
    我们正在经历的这场国际金融危机，波及范围之广、影响程度之深、冲击强度之大，为上个世纪30年代以来所罕见。造成这场金融危机的原因是多方面的，既有经济体宏观经济政策不当的原因，也有金融监管缺失的原因。对此如果没有正确认识，就难以吸取教训、避免今后发生同样的危机。//这场金融危机发生后，国际社会立即行动起来，在不同层面采取了一系列应对措施。我们希望这些措施尽快取得预期效果。为了有效应对这场金融危机，世界各国应该增强信心、加强协调、密切合作。//
    国际社会的当务之急是继续采取一切必要措施，尽快恢复市场信心，遏制金融危机扩散和蔓延  主要发达经济体应该承担应尽的责任和义务，实施有利于本国和世界经济金融稳定和发展的宏观经济政策，积极稳定自身和国际金融市场，维护投资者利益。同时，各国应该加强宏观经济政策协调，扩大经济金融信息交流，深化国际金融监管合作，为稳定各国和国际金融市场创造必要条件。//
    当前，世界经济增长放缓，不稳定不确定因素增加，形势严峻复杂。保持经济增长是应对金融危机的重要基础。各国应该调整宏观经济政策，通过必要的财政、货币手段，积极促进经济增长，避免发生全球性经济衰退。应该共同采取措施稳定国际能源、粮食市场，遏制投机行为，为世界经济发展创造良好条件。国际社会尤其应该防止各种形式的贸易和投资保护主义，努力推动多哈回合谈判早日取得积极进展。//
    国际社会应该认真总结这场金融危机的教训，在所有利益攸关方充分协商的基础上，对国际金融体系进行必要的改革。国际金融体系改革，应该坚持建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际金融新秩序的方向，努力营造有利于全球经济健康发展的制度环境。//国际金融体系改革，应该坚持全面性、均衡性、渐进性、实效性的原则。全面性，就是要总体设计，既要完善国际金融体系、货币体系、金融组织，又要完善国际金融规则和秩序，既要反映金融监管的普遍规律和原则，又要考虑不同经济体的发展阶段和特征。//均衡性，就是要统筹兼顾，平衡体现各方利益，形成各方更广泛有效参与的决策和管理机制，尤其要体现新兴市场国家和发展中国家利益。渐进性，就是要循序渐进，在保持国际金融市场稳定的前提下，先易后难，分阶段实施，通过持续不断努力最终达到改革目标。实效性，就是要讲求效果，所有改革举措应该有利于维护国际金融稳定、促进世界经济发展，有利于增进世界各国人民福祉。//
    根据以上考虑，我们主张重点实施以下改革举措。一是加强国际金融监管合作，完善国际监管体系。二是推动国际金融组织改革，提高发展中国家在国际金融组织中的代表性和发言权。三是鼓励区域金融合作，充分发挥地区资金救助机制作用。四是改善国际货币体系，稳步推进国际货币体系多元化。//
    (节选自胡锦涛在金融市场和世界经济峰会上的讲话，2008年11月16日，美国华盛顿)
选项
答案 Now, the international financial crisis has spread from parts of the world to the entire globe, from the developed countries to the emerging markets, and from the financial sector to the real economy, which has exerted a big impact on the economic development and people’s life worldwide. At such a crucial moment, it is of great significance for us to convene here to discuss measures on maintaining the international financial stability and promoting world’s economic growth. // The ongoing international financial crisis has spread to encompass such a large area and has exerted such a deep anti intense impact that is unprecedented since the 30s of the last century. There are various reasons behind this financial crisis, involving both improper macroeconomic policies and insufficient financial regulation. Without correct understanding of those reasons, we will hardly be able to draw lessons from it and avoid similar crisis in the future. // Upon the occurrence of this financial crisis, the international society took prompt actions and adopted some countermeasures at different levels. We wish these measures would enable us to attain the results expected as soon as possible. To effectively cope with the financial crisis, countries in the world should enhance confidence, increase coordination and intensify cooperation. // The top priority of the international community is to take all the necessary measures to restore market confidence as soon as possible and curb the spread of the financial crisis. The major developed economies should undertake their due responsibilities and obligations, implement macroeconomic policies that are conducive to the economic and financial stability and growth both domestically and internationally, take active steps to stabilize their own and the international financial markets and safeguard investors’ interests. Meanwhile, they should enhance macroeconomic policy coordination, expand economic and financial information sharing, and deepen cooperation in international financial regulation so as to create necessary conditions for stability in both the domestic and international financial markets. // At present, the slowdown of world’s economic growth and the increase of uncertain and unstable factors aggravate and complicate the situation. To maintain economic growth is the cornerstone of addressing the financial crisis. Countries should readjust their macroeconomic policies, take necessary financial and monetary measures to actively promote economic development and avoid a global economic recession. Joint efforts should be made to stabilize the international energy and food markets, curb speculation and build an enabling environment for the growth of the world economy. The international community should pay special attention to preventing various forms of trade and investment protectionism and pushing for early progress of the Doha round of negotiations. // The international community should earnestly draw lessons from the financial crisis and make necessary reform of the international financial system based on full consultations among all stakeholders. Reform of the international financial system should aim at establishing a new international financial order that is fair, just, inclusive and orderly and fostering an institutional environment conducive to sound global economic development. //The reform should be conducted in a comprehensive, balanced, incremental and pragmatic manner. A comprehensive reform needs a general design which should not only focus on improving the international financial system, monetary system and financial institutions and international financial rules and procedures but also take into account the development stages and characteristics of different economies. // A balanced reform is based on overall consideration, seeks a balance among the interests of all parties and builds a decision-making and management mechanism with wider and more effective participation. An incremental reform is one that seeks gradual progress and should proceed in a phased manner, starting with the easier issues, and achieve the final objectives of reform through sustained efforts under the precondition of maintaining stability of the international financial market. A pragmatic reform is one that stresses practical results. All reform measures should contribute to the international financial stability, the global economic growth and the welfare of people in all countries. // Based on those considerations, China proposes implementing the following reform measures: 1) stepping up international cooperation in financial regulation and improving the international regulatory system; 2) advancing reform of the international financial organizations and increasing the representative ness and say of the developing countries in such organizations; 3) encouraging regional financial cooperation and making best use of the regional fund assistance mechanisms; 4) improving the international currency system and steadily promoting the diversity of the international monetary system. // (Excerpt from the speech delivered by Hu Jintao at the G20 Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy in Washington, Nov. 16th, 2008)
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