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  3. The impact of the coronavirus on the U. S. economy will be grave; potentially graver than the Great Recession of 2008-2009. JPMo

The impact of the coronavirus on the U. S. economy will be grave; potentially graver than the Great Recession of 2008-2009. JPMo

admin2021-10-14  63
问题     The impact of the coronavirus on the U. S. economy will be grave; potentially graver than the Great Recession of 2008-2009. JPMorgan Chase projects that gross domestic product may shrink 14 percent between now and the end of June.
    No one has a certain template for how to limit the harm. It is both urgent and possible to define the predicament correctly, however. The United States is not confronted with a financial crisis and a follow-on crisis of demand, as in 2008 or 1929. Rather, previously robust consumption and production are being deliberately halted to save lives. Thus, traditional tools of monetary and fiscal stimulus, such as zero interest rates and direct cash aid to households, are unlikely to prove decisive.  You can’t shop, or invest in new construction, while on lockdown.
    The vital need of everyone in the economy, from the corner drugstore to the local transit authority to the mightiest multinational, is liquidity: credit to meet payroll and other key obligations so as to remain solvent until the end of what we all must hope is a finite crisis.
    Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell’s $ 1 trillioninitial proposal seems realistically sized but poorly conceived. Where cash relief must be reserved for the poorest and those newly jobless, his package would deliver less of it to the bottom of the income scale than to the middle. Where the private sector as a whole needs quick and, above all, flexible access to credit, the proposal would assign   $150 billion on a sectoral basis, to airlines, hotels and others admittedly hard-hit.
    Far better to use the Federal Reserve’s power to act as a lender of last resort, not only to the financial sector, as in past crises—and as it is already doing now—but to business generally, using the existing commercial banking system as intermediary. Congress’s part would be to provide a large pool of capital to support such loans, which, as former Fed official Kevin Warsh and others have suggested, would charge interest and require collateral to protect taxpayers against inevitable losses.
    This would both permit and incentivize companies and lenders to shape cash relief in the economically most sustainable manner. It would be self-limiting in duration; presumably the need for emergency credit will dissipate as the emergency does. Like the successful Troubled Asset Relief Program in the Great Recession, this aid, too, would be paid back.
According to Paragraph 1, GDP of America impacted by the coronavirus may_________.
选项 A、finally hit a new high by the end of June
B、be about 14% below its level in the Great Recession
C、diminish to 14% of its previous level
D、exhibit a marked decrease by the end of June
答案D
解析 细节题。根据题干定位到第一段，原文指出“新冠肺炎对美国经济的影响将是严重的：可能比2008年—2009年的大萧条更为严重。摩根大通银行预测：从现在起到6月底，国内生产总值可能萎缩14％”，故答案应该是[D]。[A]选项与原文相反。GDP可能会萎缩14％，但并未跟大萧条时期做对比，故排除[B]选项。14％是减少的差值，不是到先前水平的14％，故排除[C]选项。
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