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  3. We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning h

We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning h

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问题    We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.
   But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.
   Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase "less is more" was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so than Mies.
   Mies’ s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact than a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood—materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’ s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient , rather than big and often empty.
   The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’ s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller—two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet—than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.
   The trend toward "less" was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses—usually around 1,200 square feet—than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.    The "Case Study Houses" commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the "less is more" trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph Rapson may have mispredicted just how the mechanical revolution would impact everyday life—few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers—but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.
What is true about the apartments Mies built on Chicago’ s Lake Shore Drive?
选项 A、They ignored details and proportions.
B、They were built with materials popular at that time.
C、They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.
D、They shared some characteristics of abstract art.
答案D
解析 细节题。题干判断有关Mies在芝加哥Lake Shore Drive所建的公寓信息的正误。A项“它 们忽略了细节和比例”和文中表达意思相反；B项“它们采用了当时流行的建筑材料”干扰性较 强，但如果能意识到原文中“popular at the time”是在修饰“the abstract art”，就不难判断出这也 是个错误答案：C项“它们比周围的建筑空间更大”，文中没有提到。根据信号词浏览，从第五段 最后一句话的后半部分可以看出，D项“它们享有抽象艺术的一些特征”为正确答案。所以D项 为正确答案。
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