首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Bullying can have harmful effects on childhood development, and the latest research reveals those detrimental influences may eve
Bullying can have harmful effects on childhood development, and the latest research reveals those detrimental influences may eve
admin
2016-03-10
106
问题
Bullying can have harmful effects on childhood development, and the latest research reveals those detrimental influences may even stretch into adulthood, depending on how victims handle the trauma.
Studies have documented higher rates of anxiety and panic attacks among victims of bullying, and such experiences are increasingly linked to mental health and behavior problems later in life. The latest look at the legacy of bullying reveals its more practical consequences on everything from employment to social relationships.
In the new research published in the journal Psychological Science, a team of researchers from the University of Warwick and Duke University Medical Center studied 1,420 children between the ages nine to 16 who reported being victims of bullying, acting as bullies, or both(bully-victims). They also looked at a children not involved in bullying as a control group. The students were questioned four to six times during the study, and when they were between 24 to 26 years old, they were evaluated on certain psychiatric measures, whether they engaged in risky or illegal behaviors, their wealth, and the status of their social relationships.
The scientists found that people who were bullied were two times less likely to hold down a job and also had difficulty maintaining meaningful social relationships compared to those who did not experience bullying. The bullied participants also reported having a hard time keeping long term friendships and staying in touch with their parents. Interestingly, the group that admitted to having the most problems with employment and relationships were the bully-victims. Previous work suggested that those who were bullied as children may become bullies themselves: part of the psychological legacy of bullying could include lack of emotional control or healthy coping mechanisms that may perpetuate the harmful behavior. The bully-victims had the highest rates of serious illness and unhealthy behaviors such as smoking.
" The intensity of the emotional pain bullying elicits, and the fact that other people underestimate how much hurt they feel makes being bullied an incredibly traumatic experience that can leave significant emotional scars," says psychologist Guy Winch, and author of " Emotional First Aid: Practical Strategies for Treating Failure, Rejection, Guilt, and Other Everyday Psychological Injuries. "
And that emotional damage can have painful consequences: some brain imaging studies have shown that the sense of rejection caused by bullying activates the same pathways in the brain linked to physical pain.
Such lasting effects of bullying highlight the importance of not only preventing it but helping victims to develop proper coping mechanisms, say experts. The relationships children have at home, for example, can be critical for minimizing the lasting harm bullying can have, and addressing instances of bullying early can also limit profound psychological damage.
According to Winch, addressing four potential harms of bullying can support victims in overcoming the experience and in holding back the negative effects:
Find ways to revive their self-esteem and not descend into shame and self-hatred: Heal from the severe emotional pain: Manage the surges in anger and aggression they are likely to feel, which can directed not only to others but to themselves as well: Restore their sense of belonging to reinforce feelings of being accepted, valued, and loved.
" Some people are more resilient and tend to do some of these healing and curative(治疗的)things naturally. They might seek out their close friends and get emotional support from them, and by doing so remind themselves that they’re accepted and appreciated," says Winch.
For others, however, such strategies may be harder to adopt, and some children may instinctively withdraw and isolate themselves as a way to protect themselves from further rejection. "But by doing so, they leave their psychological wounds untreated and increase their feelings of isolation," explains Winch. "It is this latter group that is more likely to develop problems that are long lasting. "
When it comes to addressing the effects of bullying, timing is everything, says Winch. As with other psychological trauma, recovery is more effective if healing begins as soon after the damaging experience as possible, before negative and harmful strategies can take hold. While victims of bullying can still heal from this trauma later in life, that path to recovery is far more difficult than finding healthy ways of coping soon after the bullying occurs.
Some children find it harder to adopt Winch’s healing strategies because______.
选项
A、they rely on their instinct to solve problems
B、they are socially separated from other people
C、they are rejected by their friends and family
D、they have untreated psychological problems
答案
B
解析
细节题。倒数第二段第一句指出,一些孩子天生就不喜欢和别人在一起,把自己孤立起来并将此作为保护自己免遭再次拒绝的方式,因此很难采用这种策略。这说明一些孩子很难实践Winch的治疗策略是因为他们不愿与他人在一起。[B]符合题意,故为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/d27O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
StephenKrashen’sTheoryofSecondLanguageAcquisitionStephenKrashenisanexpertinthefieldoflinguistics.Somepointsab
There’saschooloflinguisticsthatbelieveslanguagelearningbeginswitha"silentperiod".Justasbabieslearntoproducel
There’saschooloflinguisticsthatbelieveslanguagelearningbeginswitha"silentperiod".Justasbabieslearntoproducel
AccordingtoAlan’scoverstory,whatisthedifferenttraitbetweenabossandmostpeople?
Thelatesthottopicamongeconomictalkingheadsisthecomingcurrencywar.Accordingtoconventionalwisdom,there’sariskt
Whileattendingahighereducationsystemoffersmanypositives,italsoofferscertainnegatives.Onenegativeisthefacthigh
______ismostlyfamousforhisshortstories.
IshouldstartbysayingasclearlyasIcanthatIloveantibiotics.RecentlyIhaddinnerwithapediatricianfriend,andshe
IshouldstartbysayingasclearlyasIcanthatIloveantibiotics.RecentlyIhaddinnerwithapediatricianfriend,andshe
Thelastdancewasawaltz.LuketookMeggie’shandandputhisarmaboutherwaist,drewheragainsthim.Hewasanexcellentd
随机试题
Thestudentswillbenotifiedregardingthedateoftheentranceexaminations.
按照对销售的认识程度,销售机会可划分为()
下列哪种情况下动脉CO2分压降低?
患儿,2岁。昨晚吃奶油蛋糕2只,夜间阵阵哭闹,呕吐2次,至今晨大便3次,便稀薄,便后哭闹减轻,不思进食,舌苔垢腻。其治法是()
某市因进行道路建设,需征收王某拥有的一处独院住宅,甲房地产估价机构接受委托对该房屋及其室内装饰装修的价值进行了评估。王某对估价报告中房屋部分的评估结果没有异议,但认为室内装饰装修评估结果仅为15万元被严重低估,理由是他3年前装修连同购置家具的实际费用超过3
下列事实,属于法律行为的是()。
A、1B、16C、36D、49A圆圈中的数字从6开始,按逆时针方向依次是61、52、43、34、25、(16)。考点点拨形式上是图形形式数字推理,实质是多次方数列,题中的多次方数提示了此题的数字推理规律。
某开发小组欲开发一个较大规模的项目,开发小组对项目领域熟悉且该项目与小组开发过的某一项目相似,则适宜采用()开发过程模型。
基于计算机的信息系统主要包括计算机硬件系统、计算机软件系统、数据及其存储介质、通信系统、信息采集设备、()和工作人员等七大部分件。
DearMr.Green,FromtheMarch4issueoftheInternationalBusinessDailywehavelearnedthatyouareinthemarketforch
最新回复
(
0
)