2. 外语
  3. 《红楼梦》(Dream of the Red Chamber)是中国四大名著之一，创作于18世纪中叶。全书共120回，前80回的作者是曹雪芹，后40回由高鹗完成。通过对贾氏封建大家族(feudal clan)生活的生动描述，《红楼梦》展示了清朝封建社会的兴

《红楼梦》(Dream of the Red Chamber)是中国四大名著之一，创作于18世纪中叶。全书共120回，前80回的作者是曹雪芹，后40回由高鹗完成。通过对贾氏封建大家族(feudal clan)生活的生动描述，《红楼梦》展示了清朝封建社会的兴

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问题     《红楼梦》(Dream of the Red Chamber)是中国四大名著之一，创作于18世纪中叶。全书共120回，前80回的作者是曹雪芹，后40回由高鹗完成。通过对贾氏封建大家族(feudal clan)生活的生动描述，《红楼梦》展示了清朝封建社会的兴衰。这本带有半自传体性质的小说也反映了曹雪芹家族的命运。《红楼梦》卓越的艺术成就在于生动的人物刻画(characterization)细腻的心理描写。这是一部优秀的文学巨著，具有很高的文学价值，被认为是中国古典小说的巅峰(pinnacle)之作。
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答案 Dream of the Red Chamber, one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature, was composed in the middle of the 18th century. In this 120-chapter novel, the first 80 chapters were written by Cao Xueqin and the rest 40 chapters by Gao E. With the vivid description of the life in the feudal clan of Jia, the novel reveals the rise and fall of the feudal society in the Qing Dynasty. The semi-autobiographical novel also mirrors the fortunes of Cao’s own family. The remarkable artistic achievements of the novel lie in its vivid characterization and exquisite psychological description. It is an excellent literature masterpiece with high literary value and is acknowledged to be the pinnacle of Chinese classical fiction.
解析 1．第1句中的两个分句语意关系不紧密，不宜对应译为and连接的并列句。可考虑将“中国四大名著之一”处理位同位语，将“《红楼梦》创作于……”作为主句来翻译。虽然句中没有被动句的标志词，但翻译时应译为被动语态，表示“被创作于……”。
2．第2句译为The novel consisted of 120 chapters，and the first 80 chapters were written by…或The novel consisted of 120 chapters with the first 80 chapters written by…也对，但参考译文将“全书共120回”处理为介词短语in this 120-chapter novel，the first 80 chapters were written by．．．and the rest 40 chapters by．．．使译文更为简洁。
3．第3句中“<红楼梦>”可用the novel来指代书名，从而使译文避免罗嗦。同样，第4句中的“曹雪芹家族”译为Cao’s family即可。
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