2. 医学
  3. The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment" period from b

The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment" period from b

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问题     The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment" period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life.
    Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails, and many people do believe this. It has been argued that an infant under three who is cared for outside the home may suffer because of the separation from his parents. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.
    But traditional societies are so different from modern societies that comparisons based on just one factor are hard to interpret. Firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example, in some tribal societies, such as the Ngoni, the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone — far from it.
    Certainty, Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibilities that early day care had delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say, more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only explored by the use of statistics. However, statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the results would certainly be complicated and controversial. Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents, care-takers found children had problems with it. Thirdly, in the last decade, there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have uniformly reported that care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children’s development.
    Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy, and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter, then, is far from clear-cut, though experience and available evidence indicate early care is reasonable for infants.
According to the passage, which of the following is probably a reason for parents to send their children under three to day care?
选项 A、They don’t know about day care’s negative effect.
B、They are too busy to care for their children.
C、They want their children to be independent as early as possible.
D、They want to facilitate their children to adapt to nursery at the age of about three.
答案D
解析 根据第五段第二句“At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy，and this is…”可知，D选项是正确答案。
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