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  3. Growing populations and expanding economic activity have strained the planet’s ecosystems over the past half century, a trend th

Growing populations and expanding economic activity have strained the planet’s ecosystems over the past half century, a trend th

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问题     Growing populations and expanding economic activity have strained the planet’s ecosystems over the past half century, a trend that threatens international efforts to combat poverty and disease, a U. N. -sponsored study of the Earth’s health warned on Wednesday.
    The four-year, $ 24 million Millennium Ecosystem Assessment found humans have caused heavy damage to the world’s farmlands, forests and watercourses.
    Unless nations adopt more eco-friendly policies, increased human demands for food, clean water and fuels could speed the disappearance of forests, fish and fresh water reserves and lead to more frequent disease outbreaks over the next 50 years, it warned.
    The study was compiled by 1 360 scientists from 95 nations who pored over 16 000 satellite photos from the U. S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and analyzed statistics and scientific journals.
    Their findings highlight the planet’s problems at the end of the 20th century, as the human population reached 6 billion.
    Conservation groups called on governments, businesses and individuals to heed the study’s warnings.
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答案 联合国主持的一项“地球健康状况”研究活动周三对人们发出预警：在过去半个世纪中，人口的不断增长和日益繁多的经济活动使地球的生态系统不堪重负，这一趋势对致力于消除贫穷和疾病的国际努力构成了威胁。 这项历时4年、耗资2 400万美元的“千禧生态系统评估”显示，人类对地球上的农田、森林和河道造成了巨大的破坏。 报告还警告说，在今后50年内，如果各国不采取更有利于生态环保的政策，人类对食物、洁净水和燃料需求的不断增加将加速森林、鱼类和淡水资源的消失，并导致疾病更加频繁地爆发。 该项研究由来自95个国家的1 360名科学家共同完成，他们浏览了美国国家宇航局提供的16 000张卫星照片，并对获取的数据及一些科研期刊进行了分析。 他们的发现进一步凸显了随着20世纪末地球人口达到60亿，地球所面临的种种问题。 各自然资源保护组织纷纷呼吁政府、企业和个人对研究提出的警告予以重视。
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