首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
"Fight-or-flight" behavior has long been considered the typical way we respond to stress. But psychologists at the University of
"Fight-or-flight" behavior has long been considered the typical way we respond to stress. But psychologists at the University of
admin
2015-02-12
44
问题
"Fight-or-flight" behavior has long been considered the typical way we respond to stress. But psychologists at the University of California, Los Angeles say that women have more in their stress-response arsenal than just aggression or escape.
According to research led by Dr. Shelley E. Taylor and Dr. Laura C. Klein(now at Pennsylvania State University), females under "attack" are less likely to fight or flee and more apt to attempt to protect their children and seek help from others, particularly other females. The researchers call this pattern of behavior "tend-and-befriend," and they suggest an evolutionary explanation for the difference.
The UCLA scientists analyzed hundreds of biological and behavioral studies of both animals and humans. For example, they looked at research showing that crowding heightens stress among male rats but tends to calm female rats. One study found that fathers often wanted to be left alone when they got home from work. And if they had been under stress during the day, they were more likely to incite conflict in the family. Women who held jobs outside the home, however, were more likely to cope with a tough day at work by concentrating on their children.
The authors believe that hormones are one reason for the difference, especially sex hormones and the pituitary hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin, which induces relaxation and lowers anxiety, is produced at a high level in nursing mothers. It’s also released in response to stress by both males and females—but its effects are enhanced by female hormones and reduced by male hormones. In contrast, the fight-or-flight response activates the nervous system and causes the secretion of the stress hormones adrenaline and Cortisol. Both sexes release these hormones under stress, but men also release testosterone, which tends to increase hostility and aggression.
Because female aggression is less closely linked to nervous system arousal, the authors suggest, it’s more easily moderated by learning and culture, although they don’t deny that women’s social networks can also produce stress and conflict. Nor are they saying that men cannot tend and befriend under stress—only that they do so less easily and less often.
Taylor and her colleagues think the tend-and-befriend response has been ignored largely because researchers studying stress have concentrated until recently only on men. The UCLA scientists are now conducting studies on oxytocin and stress.
It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 and 2 that______.
选项
A、fight-or-flight has been believed to be the only way dealing with stress
B、women have more stress-response ways than aggression, e.g. getting away from it
C、women tend to seek comfort and help from their loved ones
D、experts’ explanation to women’s stress-response ways involves evolution
答案
D
解析
属信息推断题。选项A犯了夸大其词的错误,文章第一段第一句中提到“对抗或逃避”是我们回应压力的典型方式,但不是唯一方式,故错误。选项B犯了偷梁换柱的错误,文章提到女性面对压力除了对抗或逃避外还有其他方式,而选项B的意思是除了对抗外,还有逃避(get awayfrom sth.),故错误。选项C犯了曲解文意的错误,文章第二段第一句提到女人会向其他同性寻求帮助,而非向所爱的人寻求帮助,故错误。选项D可以通过第二段最后一句来判断,专家们建议从进化论的角度解释这一问题,故符合题意。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/mz74777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
TheDeclineofU.S.ImmigrationApplicationImmigrantsaren’tseekingU.S.citizenshipasoftenthesedays—notsincetheAme
TheEducationSystemoftheUnitedStatesThecountriesthathavelefttheUnitedStatesbehindinmathandscienceeducatio
PlantsFoundinAspirinSynthesisAspirinisamongthemostpopularremediesusedbypeople.Itturnsoutsomeplantslikei
TeachtheKidHowtoTalktoImproveSpeechChildrenwillhavelessonsonhowtospeakproperEnglishinformalsettings,un
TheFeverofPhilosophyDiscussionThere’sabuzzintheairattheElDiabloCoffeeCo,inSeattle,andit’s,notjustcomi
Massproduction,thedefiningcharacteristicoftheSecondWaveeconomy,becomesincreasinglyobsoleteasfirmsinstallinformat
The"cut-offpointforthesurvey"(Paragraph1)referstoTheauthorcallsthewealthoftherichest"paperfortunes"because
Itmayturnoutthatthe"digitaldivide"—oneofthemostfashionablepoliticalslogansofrecentyearsislargelyfiction.Asy
SoBig.Fwasthemorevisibleofthetworecentwavesofinfectionbecauseitpropagateditselfbye-mail,meaningthatvictims
Humansareuniqueintheextenttowhichtheycanreflectonthemselvesandothers.Humansarea-bleto1,tothinkinabstract
随机试题
审判权
彩色显示器的彩色是由三基色合成而得到的。某显示器的三基色R、G、B分别用5位二进制数表示,则它可以表示________________种不同的颜色。
不属于前肢的主要肌肉的是()。
证券公司总经理依据《公司法》、公司章程的规定行使职权,并向股东会负责。( )
D公司只生产一种产品,采用标准成本法计算产品成本,期末对材料价格差异采用“调整销售成本与存货法”进行处理,将材料价格差异按照数量比例分配至已销产品成本和存货成本,对其他标准成本差异采用“结转本期损益法”进行处理。7月份有关资料如下:(1)公司生产
诚然,在相当长一段时间里,对抗或叛逆确实是中国当代诗歌完成自我________的法则之一。以真实取代虚假,以个人反抗群体,以感性抵制理性,以平面消除深度,中国当代诗歌正是在这种不断的反叛中实行着某种________。填入横线部分最恰当的一项是()
在进行教师培训时,认为“技术优先”的是()。
张家有甲、乙、丙三兄弟,甲幼年时被送给赵某作养子。甲结婚时,赵某为其盖了新房,后因失火导致该房屋被烧毁。甲的生母就将其住房腾出一间让甲夫妇及赵某居住。不久,甲的生母病故,对于甲的生母的遗产,有继承权的是()。
录音录像制作者使用他人()制作录音录像制品,应当取得著作权人许可,并支付报酬。
李明智力超群,为某歌舞团演员,生活可以自理。李明15岁时曾作为其同事王宏(成年人且精神正常)的委托代理人与某商场签订过一份买卖办公器材的合同;李明16岁零1个月时曾与张阳签订过一份买卖电脑的合同,内容是李明用1万元购买张阳所卖的一台笔记本电脑。问:李明
最新回复
(
0
)