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  3. (46)The classic difficulty felt with democracy arises from the fact that democracy can never express the will of the whole peopl

(46)The classic difficulty felt with democracy arises from the fact that democracy can never express the will of the whole peopl

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问题     (46)The classic difficulty felt with democracy arises from the fact that democracy can never express the will of the whole people because there never exists any such unchanging will (at least in any society that call itself democratic). The concept of government of the whole people by the whole people must be looked on as being in the poetry rather than in the prose of democracy; the fact of prose is that real democracy means government by some kind of dominant majority.
    (47)And the ever-present danger, repeatedly realized in fact, is that this dominant majority may behave toward those who are not of the majority in such a manner as to undermine the moral basis of the right of people, because they are people, to have some important say in the setting of their own course and in use of their own faculties. Other forms of government may similarly fail to respect human independence. But there is at least no contradiction in that; the underlying assumption of every kind of government by wiser and betters is that people on the whole are not fit to manage their own affairs, but must have someone else do it for them, and there is no paradox when such a treats its subjects without respect, or deals with them on the basis of their having no rights that the government must take into account.
    (48)But democracy affirms that people are fit to control themselves, and it cannot live in the same air with the theory that there is no limit to the extent to which public power—even the power of a majority can interfere with the lives of people.
    Rational limitation on power is therefore not a contradiction to democracy, but is of the very essence of democracy as such. Other sorts of government may impose such limitations on themselves as an act of grace. (49)Democracy is under the moral duty of limiting itself because such limitation is essential to the survival of that respect for humankind which is in the foundations of democracy. Respect for the freedom of all people cannot, of course, be the only guide, for there would then be no government. Delicate ongoing compromise is what must be looked for. (50)But democracy, unless it is to deny its own moral basis, must accept the necessity for making this compromise and for giving real weight to the claims of those without the presently effective political power to make their claims prevail in elections.

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答案但是，除非民主打算否认其道德基础，否则它就必须承认需要做出这种妥协，需要真正重视那些现在还没有足够政治权力使其主张在选举中获胜的人所提出的要求。
解析 条件状语从句的翻译；介词短语作定语的翻译。复合句。主干是democracy must accept the necessity...。unless it is to deny its own moral basis是条件状语从句，按汉语习惯前置放在主句之前，并加译"否则"：this compromise指的是前面句子中提到的 "compromise"; without引导的介词短语作定语修饰those，合并翻译。give real weight to应译成"真正重视…"；effective应译成"足够的"。
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