首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The End of AIDS? A)On June 5th 1981 America’s Centres for Disease Control and Prevention reported the outbreak of an unusual for
The End of AIDS? A)On June 5th 1981 America’s Centres for Disease Control and Prevention reported the outbreak of an unusual for
admin
2016-04-26
31
问题
The End of AIDS?
A)On June 5th 1981 America’s Centres for Disease Control and Prevention reported the outbreak of an unusual form of pneumonia(肺炎)in Los Angeles. When, a few weeks later, its scientists noticed a similar cluster of a rare cancer called Kaposi’s sarcoma(肉瘤)in San Francisco, they suspected that something strange and serious was coming. That something was AIDS.
B)Since then, 25m people have died from AIDS and another 34m are infected. The 30th anniversary of the disease’s discovery has been taken by many as an occasion for hand-wringing. Yet the war on AIDS is going far better than anyone dared hope. A decade ago, half of the people in several southern African countries were expected to die of AIDS. Now, the death rate is dropping. In 2005 the disease killed 2.1m people. In 2009, the most recent year for which data are available, the number was 1.8m. Some 5m lives have already been saved by drug treatment. In 33 of the worst-affected countries the rate of new infections is down by 25% or more from its peak.
C)Even more hopeful is a recent study which suggests that the drugs used to treat AIDS may also stop its transmission. If that proves true, the drugs could achieve much of what a vaccine(疫苗)would. The question for the world will no longer be whether it can wipe out the plague, but whether it is prepared to pay the price.
The appliance of science
D)If AIDS is defeated, it will be thanks to an alliance of science, activism and unselfishness. The science has come from the world’s drug companies, which leapt on the problem. In 1996 a batch of similar drugs, all of them inhibiting the activity of one of the AIDS virus’s crucial enzymes(霉素), appeared almost simultaneously. The effect was miraculous, if you(or your government)could afford the $15,000 a year that those drugs cost when they first came on the market.
E)Much of the activism came from rich-world gays. Having persuaded drug companies into creating the new medicines, the activists bullied them into dropping the price. That would have happened anyway, but activism made it happen faster. The unselfishness was aroused as it became clear by the mid-1990s that AIDS was not just a rich-world disease. Three-quarters of those affected were—and still are—in Africa. Unlike most infections, which strike children and the elderly, AIDS hits the most productive members of society: businessmen, civil servants, engineers, teachers, doctors, nurses. Thanks to an enormous effort by Western philanthropists(慈善家)and some politicians(this is one area where even the left should give credit to George Bush junior), a series of programmes has brought drugs to those infected.
F)The result is unsatisfactory. Not enough people—some 6.6m of the 16m who would most quickly benefit—are getting the drugs. And the pills are not a cure. Stop taking them, and the virus bounces back. But it is a huge step forward from ten years ago.
G)What can science offer now? A few people’s immune systems control the disease naturally, which suggests a vaccine might be possible, and antibodies have been discovered that neutralise the virus and might thus form the basis of AIDS-clearing drugs. But a cure still seems a long way off. Prevention is, for the moment, the better bet.
A question of money
H)In the early days scientists were often attacked by activists for being more concerned with trying to prevent the epidemic spreading than treating the affected. Now it seems that treatment and prevention will come in the same pill. If you can stop the virus reproducing in someone’s body, you not only save his life, you also reduce the number of viruses for him to pass on. Get enough people on drugs and it would be like vaccinating them: the chain of transmission would be broken.
I)That is a huge task. It is not just a matter of bringing in those who should already be on the drugs(the 16m who show symptoms or whose immune systems are critically weak). To prevent transmission, treatment would in theory need to be expanded to all the 34m people infected with the disease. That would mean more effective screening, which is planned already, and also a willingness by those without the symptoms to be treated. That willingness might be there, though, if it would protect people’s uninfected lovers.
J)Such a programme would take years and also cost a lot of money. About $16 billion a year is spent on AIDS in poor and middle-income countries. Half is generated locally and half is foreign aid. A report in this week’s Lancet suggests a carefully crafted mixture of approaches that does not involve treating all those without symptoms would bring great benefit for not much more than this—a peak of $22 billion in 2015, and a fall thereafter. Moreover, most of the extra spending would be offset by savings on the treatment of those who would have been infected, but were not—some 12m people, if the scientists have done their sums right. At $500 per person per year, the benefits would far outweigh the costs in purely economic terms; though donors will need to compare the gain from spending more on knocking out AIDS against other worthy causes, such as eliminating malaria(疟疾).
K)For the moment, the struggle is to stop some rich countries giving less. The Netherlands and Spain are cutting their contributions to the Global Fund, one of the two main distributors of the life-saving drugs, and Italy has stopped paying altogether. On June 8th the United Nations meets to discuss what to do next. Those who see the UN as a mere talking-shop should remember that its first meeting on AIDS launched the Global Fund. It is still a long haul. But AIDS can be beaten. A plague that 30 years ago was blamed on man’s wickedness has ended up showing him in a better, more inventive and generous light.
Some rich countries in Europe are decreasing their anti-AIDS investment to Global Fund.
选项
答案
K
解析
本题涉及对抗艾的投入,由rich countries in Europe,decreasing和Global Fund可以定位到K段的前两句。原文提到荷兰、西班牙等欧洲富裕国家正削减对抗艾的捐助,题中的decrease对应原文的cut,而investment则对应contribution,故本题出自K段。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/rfe7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
"Wehavebeenignoringthebiggestglobalhealththreatofthe21stcentury."Thiswasthemessagespelledoutinareportlaunc
A、Youwillbedelighted.B、Youwillnotbeaffected.C、Youmayfeeldepressed.D、Youwillfeellonely.A短文提到,有一个真正快乐的人在身边能让你心情愉快
A、ThewomanhasgivenuplearningEnglish.B、Thewomandoeswellinpronunciationandspelling.C、Themanalsodoeswellinpron
A、Hemighthavebeenspoiled.B、Hewasn’tpromoted.C、Hedidn’thavehisownpicture.D、Hewaslookeddownupon.A男士说他个人觉得勃朗特姐妹的
A、Hehadinnatetalentformusic.B、HewastherichestsingerinAmerica.C、HesymbolizestheAmericandream.D、Hestandsforth
A、Operamusic.B、Drama.C、Countrymusic.D、Politics.C短文开头提到,ElvisPresley在乡村音乐、流行歌谣和蓝调方面都取得显著成功,C属于其中之一,故选C。
Therearetwotypesofpeopleintheworld.Althoughtheyhaveequaldegreesofhealthandwealthandtheothercomfortsoflife
Housingofficialssaythatlatelytheyarenoticingsomethingdifferent:studentsseemtolackthewill,andskill,toaddresst
A、Hedoesn’tliketheprofessorverymuch.B、Hedoubtstheclasswillbecancelled.C、Hedoesn’twanttoattendtheconference.
A、Positive.B、Negative.C、Neutral.D、Disinterested.C观点态度题。本文是一般知识性的说明文,作者并没有使用任何带有强烈感情色彩的词语,客观地描述了事实,因此可知作者对吸烟的态度是中立的,故选C。
随机试题
A.扩张冠状动脉,增加冠脉血流B.减慢心率,降低血压,减少心肌氧耗量C.扩张冠脉,解除冠脉痉挛D.抗血小板聚积,防止血栓形成E.扩张动静脉,降低心脏前、后负荷阿替洛尔能够
白茅根除了凉血止血的功效外,还能()
A.胆汁B.紫菀C.款冬花D.甘草E.附子可使黄连抑菌作用增强的是()。
丁公司2013年度会计利润(同应纳税所得额)为100万元,适用企业所得税税率为25%,按净利润的15%提取盈余公积。该公司2015年5月发现2013年7月购入的一项专利权在计算摊销金额上有错误,该专利权2013年和2014年应摊销的金额分别为120万元和2
某企业采用月末一次加权平均法核算原材料,月初库存材料100件,每件为80元。月中又购进两批,一次150件,每件75元,另一次250件,每件85元,则月末该材料的加权平均单位成本为()元。
法律关系:是指法律在调整人们行为过程中所形成的一种特殊的社会关系,即法律上的权利义务关系。它由法律关系主体、法律关系内容和法律关系客体三要素构成。根据上述定义,下面对法律关系的叙述,不正确的一项是()。
Inoursociety,aweddinginvitationisalsoan______invitationforagift.
Itseemedsopromising—mirrorssprawledacrossdesertlandinthescorchingsouthwestdeliveringcleanelectricityandhelpingA
TheAmericanFamilyWe’lllearntheAmericanfamiliesfromthefollowingfiveaspects:1.Familystructures1)Immediatefamily
IntheUnitedStatesandCanada,aprom,shortforpromenade,isaformaldance,orgettingtogetherofhighschoolstudents.It
最新回复
(
0
)