2. 外语
  3. The distinction between ______ in linguistics lies in how things ought to be and describing how things actually are.

The distinction between ______ in linguistics lies in how things ought to be and describing how things actually are.

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问题 The distinction between ______ in linguistics lies in how things ought to be and describing how things actually are.
选项 A、descriptive and prescriptive
B、synchronic and diachronic
C、langue and parole
D、competence and performance
答案A
解析 本题考查语言学术语辨别知识。语言学中的一些重要区别包括“描写式”和“规定式”(descriptive vs. prescriptive)；“共时”和“历时”(synchronic vs. diachronic)；“语言”和“言语”(langue & parole);“语言能力”和“语言应用”(competence vs. performance)；“非位的”和“位学的”(etic vs. emic)。其中“描写式”和“规定式”的区别在于“一个规定事情应该是怎样的，而另一个则是描述事情是怎样的”，答案为[A]。
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