Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It speeded up physica

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问题     Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It speeded up physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it【C1】________the inherent instability of urban life. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the buses, railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more【C2】________ from city centers than they were in the pre-modern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay 【C3】________two miles from the old business district; by the turn of the century the【C4】________extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and【C5】________. The new accessibility of land around the periphery (外国) of almost every major city【C6】________an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl
    Of course, many were never occupied; there was always a huge surplus of subdivided, but【C7】________, land around many cities. These【C8】________present a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was【C9】________unplanned. It was carried out by thousands of small investors who paid little care to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were【C10】________, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it.
    A) entertainment E) excesses    I) vacant      M) distant
    B) comparatively F) accelerated J) gauge       N) sparked
    C) radius        G) cardinal    K) anticipated O) essentially
    D) extinguished H) scarcely     L) allowances
【C8】

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答案E

解析 此处需填入these修饰的复数名词。应是上一句所提及的内容的概括。excesses意为“过量”,可以涵盖surplus(剩余)的意思,故正确。
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