2. 考研
  3. A nobler want of man is served by nature, namely, the love of Beauty. The ancient Greeks called the world (Kosmos), beauty.

A nobler want of man is served by nature, namely, the love of Beauty. The ancient Greeks called the world (Kosmos), beauty.

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问题     A nobler want of man is served by nature, namely, the love of Beauty.
    The ancient Greeks called the world (Kosmos), beauty. Such is the constitution of all things, or such the plastic, power of the human eye, that the primary forms, as the sky, the mountain, the tree, the animal, give us a delight in and for themselves; a pleasure arising from outline, color, motion, and grouping. This seems partly owing to the eye itself. The eye is the best of artists. By the mutual action of its structure and of the laws of light, perspective is produced, which integrates every mass of objects, of what character soever, into a well colored and shaded globe, so that where the particular objects are mean and unaffecting, the landscape which they compose, is round and symmetrical. And as the eye is the best composer, so light is the first of painters. There is no object so foul that intense light will not make beautiful. And the stimulus it affords to the sense, and a sort of infinitude which it hath, like space and time, make all matter gay. Even the corpse has its own beauty. But besides this general grace diffused over nature, almost all the individual forms are agreeable to the eye, as is proved by our endless imitations of some of them, as the acorn, the grape, the pine-cone, the wheat-ear, the egg, the wings and forms of most birds, the lion’s claw, the serpent, the butterfly, sea-shells, flames, clouds, buds, leaves, and the forms of many trees, as the palm.
    For better consideration, we may distribute the aspects of Beauty in a threefold manner.
    First, the simple perception of natural forms is a delight. The influence of the forms and actions in nature, is so needful to man, that, in its lowest functions, it seems to lie on the confines of commodity and beauty. To the body and mind which have been cramped by noxious work or company, nature is medicinal and restores their tone. The tradesman, the attorney comes out of the din and craft of the street, and sees the sky and the woods, and is a man again. In their eternal calm, he finds himself. The health of the eye seems to demand a horizon. We are never tired, so long as we can see far enough.
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答案 大自然除了提供人类衣食所需之外，还满足了一种更高尚的追求——那就是满足了人们的爱美之心。 古希腊人把“宇宙”称为“科斯谟斯”，即美丽之意。万物之本性无比奇妙，或者可以说，人类独具适应性的潜能，能够构形筑影。因而，大自然所有的基本形态，蓝天、山峦、树木、鸟兽，等等，都能使我们惊喜。这种惊喜并不依赖外物，也不因其有任何实用目的，只是就万物的线条、色彩、运动与组合看起来都让人爽心怡性。在某种程度上，这可能缘于我们眼睛自身。眼睛是世界上最好的画家。眼睛的结构与光学的法则互动产生出所谓的“透视”，因此任何一组物体，不管它是何种东西，在我们看来都觉得色彩清晰，明暗层次鲜明，井然有序，整体就似乎是一个球。个别的物体或许形态拙劣，了无生趣，但一经组合，就变得对称而完满了。故构图的巧妙非人的眼睛莫属。而要想把色彩铺设的美妙，则要依赖光线。再丑恶的东西，强光之下，也会产生美。光线不但激活了感官，而且光线好似空间和时间，有着能把一切都覆盖的性质，所以任何东西只要在光明下都是赏心悦目的。即使死尸也有它自己的美。自然界所有事物都在“美”的笼罩之下，几乎所有的个体都这么美好。如橡果、葡萄、松果、麦穗、鸡蛋、形形色色的翅膀以及种类繁多的鸟，如狮爪、蛇、蝴蝶、贝壳、火焰、云朵、蓓蕾、绿叶和如棕榈树似的许多树的树干，我们不断地描摹它们，把它们作为“美”的模范。 为了更进一步地了解。我们可将自然之美分三方面剖析。 倘能抱着单纯的心态去感知自然形态也是一种快乐。自然形态和活动的效用对于人生是必不可缺的。就最基本的作用来说，似乎局限于实用和审美两者之间。俗世纷扰牵绊了人的身心，一旦回到大自然中，自然的医疗妙用就得以发挥，让人们恢复身心健康。走出熙熙攘攘闹市的商人和律师，抬头看见蓝天和树木，就会重新感受到人性的本质。在大自然恒久的天籁中，领悟到自我真实的一面。如果要保护眼睛的健康，我们的视野一定要宽阔。只要可以看得久远，我们就永远不会倦怠。
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