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  3. Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the da

Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the da

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问题     Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the damage can be.
    Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the University of Calgary performed the first longterm study on the【C1】________of hunger on general health,【C2】________ children from birth to 21 years. Most studies to date have【C3】________only snapshots of childhood health,【C4】________ the short-term impact of hunger【C5】________a period of time.
    In the new analysis, the scientists found that children who went hungry at least once in their lives were 2 1/2-times more likely to have【C6】________overall health 10 to 15 years later, compared with those who never had to【C7】________food. "Our research shows that hunger and food insecurity are really damaging【C8】________children’s life chances," says lead author Sharon Kirkpatrick, a visiting fellow at NCI.
    The study supports earlier findings that【C9】________ episodes of hunger are more likely to cause ill health than an isolated experience of starvation: children in Kirkpatrick’s analysis who experienced two or more periods of hunger were more than four times as likely to report ill health than those who never went hungry. The relationship, she says, remained strong even after the team accounted【C10】________other factors that could influence health, such as age, sex and household characteristics like income.
    【C11】________one experience of hunger can have lasting effects on a child’s health, a fact that is especially troubling in light of the sobering rise in U.S. households that were【C12】________to do without food in 2008: 15％ of American families reported some【C13】________in the amount or quality of food they consumed,【C14】________from 11％ the previous year.
    【C15】________this study did not probe into the【C16】________ mechanism by which hunger affects long-term health, Kirkpatrick【C17】________that both psychological and physiological factors may be at work. Aside from the obvious negative impact that massing key nutrients and calories can have on growth and development, she says, the psychological【C18】________of food insecurity—not being able to afford a【C19】________and high-quality source of food—can be【C20】________to youngsters as well.
【C1】
选项 A、possibilities
B、reasons
C、effects
D、disadvantages
答案C
解析 从第一段主题段可知，本文主要讨论饥饿对儿童健康的危害结果，故选C项effects“影响”，以呼应首段的damage。A项possibilities“可能性”，从上段第一句“饥饿是引起健康状况不佳的一个主要原因”可知，饥饿对健康的影响众所周知，因此，不可能再去研究其“可能性”。B项reasons“原因”，从下文的讨论可知，本文主要讨论饥饿对儿童的健康带来的伤害，并没有解释原因。D项disadvantages“缺点”，从上段可知饥饿对健康造成损害，并非自身不足。
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