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  3. Letting it out may be bad for your emotional health. Many people assume that sharing feelings openly and often is a positive ide

Letting it out may be bad for your emotional health. Many people assume that sharing feelings openly and often is a positive ide

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问题     Letting it out may be bad for your emotional health. Many people assume that sharing feelings openly and often is a positive ideal that promotes mental health. But some social critics and psychologists now conclude that repressing one’s feelings may do more good than venting emotions.
    "A small number of researchers are taking an empirical look at the general assumption that speaking out and declaring one’s feelings is better than holding them in," writes Christina Sommers, a resident fellow at the American Enterprise Institute.
    At Suffilk University, psychologist Jane Bybee classified high-school students on the basis of their self-awareness: "sensitizers" were extremely aware of their internal states, "repressors" focused little on themselves, and "intermediates" occupied the middle range. Bybee then collected student evaluations of themselves and each other, along with teacher evaluations of the students. On the whole, the repressors were more socially and academically successful than their more "sensitized" classmates. Bybee speculated that repressed people, not emoters, may have a better balance of moods.
    In a study at Catholic University in Washington, D.C., researcher George Bonanno tested the assumption that, in order to recover mental health, people need to vent negative emotions by discussing their feelings openly. Bonanno and other researchers found that, among adolescent girls who had suffered sexual abuse, those who "showed emotional avoidance" were healthier than those who more openly expressed grief or anger.
    One study of Holocaust survivors supports Bonanno in suggesting that verbalizing strong emotions may not improve a person’s mental health. Researchers found that Holocaust survivors who were encouraged to talk about their experiences in the war fared worse than repressors. They concluded that repression was not pathological response to Holocaust experience and that "talking through" the atrocities failed to being closure to the survivors.
    Sommers note that in many societies it has been considered normal to repress private feelings, and that "in most cultures stoicism and reticence are valued, while the free expression of emotions is deemed a personal shortcoming." She is concerned that pushing someone to be "sensitizers" may also create a preoccupation with self that excludes outside interests. Sommers is particularly critical of educational approaches that attempt to encourage self-discovery and self-esteem through excessive "openness".
    Healthy stoicism should not be confused with the emotional numbness that may be brought on by post-traumatic stress disorder. Most people experiencing such traumas as war, assault, or natural disaster can benefit from immediate counseling, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.
We learn from the passage that_____.
选项 A、one way to promote one’s health is to share his feelings
B、expressing negative emotions might cause more problems to one’s health
C、people need to vent bad emotions by discussing their feelings openly
D、teachers in the past would advice students to repress their feelings
答案B
解析 这是一道归纳题。文章第一段指出：表露情感可能有害于你的身心健康：有些专家得出这样的结论——压抑自己的情感可能比发泄自己的情感对人的身心健康有好处。文章第二、三、四和第五段举例作了说明，指出：表露强烈的情感可能不会改善一个人的心理健康：研究人员发现，那些被鼓励谈论自己在战争中的经历的大屠杀幸存者比那些压抑情感者的状况更差：研究人员指出，在大多数文化中，忍受痛苦和沉默寡言受到人们的珍视，而自由表露自己的情感被看做是一个人的缺点：使一个人成为反应敏感者也可能导致一个人只专注自己，不考虑别人的利益。这说明，公开发泄自己的消极情感可能给人带来更多问题。B说“对于一个人的健康来说，表露消极情感可能引发更多的问题”，这与文章的意思相符。文中提到sharefeelings时是说“许多人认为，公开、经常表露自己的情感是改善心理健康的有效的理想行为；但是，有些专家得出这样的结论——压抑自己的情感可能比发泄自己的情感对人的身心健康有好处”，这说明A与文章的意思不符。文中提到expressingnegative emotions时是说“研究员乔治.柏拉罗测试了这样的设想——人们应该通过公开交谈来发泄自己的消极情绪，以便恢复心理健康；柏拉罗和其他研究人员发现，在那些曾经遭受过性虐待的少女中，那些抑郁的少女比那些公开表露悲伤或愤怒的少女更健康”，这说明C与文章的意思不符；文中没有提到D。
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