首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Parenthood isn’t a career-killer. The effect of parenthood is not that severe as people imagine. In fact, economists with two or
Parenthood isn’t a career-killer. The effect of parenthood is not that severe as people imagine. In fact, economists with two or
admin
2015-01-31
58
问题
Parenthood isn’t a career-killer. The effect of parenthood is not that severe as people imagine. In fact, economists with two or more kids tend to produce more research, not less, than their one-child or childless colleagues. But female economists in particular can pay a price in terms of productivity after becoming mothers, especially if they’ re young or unmarried.
That’ s, according to new research from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, a working paper("Parenthood and Productivity of Highly Skilled Labour: Evidence from the Grove of Academe")published this month by Matthias Krapf of the University of Zurich, Heinrich Ursprung of the University of Konstanz and Christian Zimmermann of the regional reserve bank.
"There is a widespread conviction that motherhood is extremely costly in terms of professional career advancement. In particular, it is often argued that the only way for young women to make a challenging career is to remain childless," they wrote. "Our study of the academic labour market arrives at a somewhat less
dreary
picture: we do not observe a family gap in research productivity among female academic economists. Moreover, motherhood-induced decreases in research productivity are less pronounced than usually purported."
The authors in early 2012 surveyed about 10,000 economists through the Research Papers in Economics online platform, matching the academics’ answers with their publication records. They gauged an economist’ s productivity by looking at their output: published research, weighted by journal quality. Some of their findings are as follows:
"Mothers of at least two children are, on average, more productive than mothers of only one child, and mothers in general are more productive than childless women. Fathers of at least two children are also more productive than fathers of one child and childless men. Toward the end of their careers, however, childless men appear to be somewhat more productive than fathers of one child."
Parenthood does appear linked to lower productivity while the children are 12 and younger: mothers average a 17.4% loss, while fathers average a 5% loss. A female economist with three children, on average, loses the equivalent of four years of research output by the time her kids become teenagers.
Women who are married or in a stable relationship "do not have any drop in research productivity in the three years following childbirth." For single mothers, research output drops by roughly a third over the same period.
Female economists who have their first child before the age of 30 are less productive, while "for older first-time mothers, the effect remains negative, but it is much smaller and lacks statistical significance."
Male economists without tenure become more productive after having a child, while tenured male economists won’t be more productive. There is no similar effect for female economists.
What is the main idea of this passage?
选项
A、Parenthood will kill one’ s career.
B、How does having kids affect one’ s productivity?
C、To be mother means less productivity.
D、More children, lower productivity.
答案
B
解析
主旨题。文章开头讲到,“为人父母并不会扼杀一个人的事业。”但根据全文来看,为人父母会对人们的工作效率产生不同程度的影响,包括积极影响,如有孩子的女性总体上比没有孩子的女性工作效率更高,也包括消极影响,如在30岁之前生第一个孩子的女性经济学家的工作效率较低。综合来看,本文主要讲述了为人父母对一个人工作效率的影响。B项符合。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/xLh7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Manyofherbooksarebestsellers.B、Sheisashrewdbookstoreowner.C、Sheispromotingherbookinperson.D、Sheisasalesp
A、Increasingfinesfortrafficviolation.B、Reducingtollsonhighways.C、Banningpublictransportpartially.D、Enlarginginsura
A、Itshouldbethesameastheonestheyhadbefore.B、Itshouldbedifferentfromtheonestheyhadbefore.C、Itshouldbeexpe
Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingsofthepublicatlarge.Thesameproblem,onasmaller【B1】______,facespractica
NewtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbeforeOurplanethas【B1】______.It’snowa"globalvillage"wherecountriesareonlyse
Overthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors—habits—amongconsumers.Thesehab
A、Shewasgivenaraise.B、Shewasgivenanewjob.C、Shewascriticizedforbeinglate.D、Shewaspraisedforherhardwork.C对
Itisimportantthatwebemindfuloftheearth,theplanetoutofwhichwearebornandbywhichwearenourished,guided,heal
中国画(traditionalChinesepainting)是用毛笔、墨及颜料(pigment),在宣纸(Xuanpaper)或绢(silk)上画出的画。中国画与中医、京剧一起,被誉为中国的“三大国粹”(threequintessenceof
A、Shehadthecookerchanged.B、Shehadhercookerrepaired.C、Sheboughtanewcooker.D、Shereturnedhernewcooker.A女士说今天早上已
随机试题
美国反托拉斯法包含________、________、_________。
下列为前列腺腺癌Gleason4级的镜下表现的是
大部分真核生物的mRNA的3′端具有的结构是
在对瘿病肿块扪诊时,除对其肿块位置、数目、硬度、光滑度、活动度、界限进行重点检查外,还应注意的是()
转口贸易是指()。
合伙企业具有企业法人资格。()
旅游意外保险合同往往具有短期性,具体表现为以里程、天数或游览点计算。()
教师是出卖知识的职业,教师与学生之间是推销员与顾客的关系。()
《中华人民共和国合同法》第99条规定:“当事人互负到期债务,该债务的标的物种类、品质相同的,任何一方可以将自己的债务与对方的债务抵销,但依照法律规定或者按照合同性质不得抵销的除外。当事人主张抵销的,应当通知对方。通知自到达对方时生效。抵销不得附条
恩格斯指出:“应用到物质上的运动,就是一般的变化”。这说明()
最新回复
(
0
)