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The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind
The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind
admin
2022-12-06
121
问题
The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has【C1】________across the Web.
Can privacy be preserved【C2】________bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly【C3】________?
Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a【C4】________to make the Web a safer place—a "voluntary trusted identify" system that would be the high-tech【C5】________ of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled【C6】________one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential【C7】________to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services.
The idea is to【C8】________a federation of private online identify systems. Users could【C9】________which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license【C10】________by the government.
Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these "single sign-on" systems that make it possible for users to【C11】________just once but use many different services.
【C12】________, the approach would create a "walled garden" in cyberspace with safe "neighborhoods" and bright "streetlights" to establish a sense of a【C13】________community.
Mr. Schmidt described it as a "voluntary ecosystem" in which "individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with【C14】________, trusting the identities of each other and the identities of infrastructure【C15】________which the transaction runs."
Still, the administration’s plan has【C16】________privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would【C17】________be a compulsory Internet "driver’s license" mentality.
The plan has also been greeted with【C18】________by some computer security experts, who worry that the "voluntary ecosystem" envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet【C19】________. They argue that all Internet users should be【C20】________to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.
【C12】
选项
A、In vain
B、In effect
C、In return
D、In contrast
答案
B
解析
本填空的词组处于句首作状语,是对其后整个句子的修饰。分析其后的句子:the approach would create a "walled garden" in cyberspace with safe "neighborhoods" and bright "streetlights" to establish a sense of a________community. 本句子的意思明显是在描述和说明这种方法所达到的实际结果。四个选项中最恰当的是B项In effect(实际上,结果)。A项In vain(徒劳地)从修饰的角度违背了一致性,因为其后句子的内容是说这种方法将会取得很好的实际效果,是正面的,从逻辑上无法用带有负面倾向的In vain(徒劳地)来修饰。而D项In contrast(相反地)在逻辑上讲不通,因为本句之前的信息与本句的意思是一致的,是承接的,无法构成转折相反的信息。C项In return(作为回报)与本句子的意思毫无关联。
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考研英语二
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