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  3. Like so many things of value, truth is not always easy to come by. What we regard as true shapes our beliefs, attitudes, and act

Like so many things of value, truth is not always easy to come by. What we regard as true shapes our beliefs, attitudes, and act

admin2013-03-27  58
问题     Like so many things of value, truth is not always easy to come by. What we regard as true shapes our beliefs, attitudes, and actions. Yet we can believe things that have no basis in fact. People are capable of embracing horrific precepts that seem incredible in retrospect. In Nazi Germany, Adolf Hitler had millions of followers who accepted his delusions about racial superiority. As Voltaire put it long before Hitler’s time, "Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities. "
    We are surrounded by illusions, some created deliberately. They may be subtle or may affect us profoundly. Some illusions, such as films and novels, we seek out and appreciate. Others can make us miserable and even kill us. We need to know if particular foods that taste perfectly fine can hurt us in the short term(as with Salmonella contamination)or in the long term(cholesterol), whether a prevalent virus is so dangerous that we should avoid public places, and what problems a political candidate may cause or resolve if elected. Gaining insights about the truth often is a challenge, and misconceptions can be difficult to recognize.
    We often believe stories because they are the ones available. Most people would identify Thomas Edison as the inventor of the incandescent light bulb. Although Edison perfected a commercially successful design, he was preceded in the experimentation by British inventors Frederick de Moleyns and Joseph Swan, and by American J. W. Starr.
    The biggest enemies of truth are: people whose job is to sell us incomplete versions of the available facts, our willingness to believe what we want and the simple absence of accurate information. Companies advertising products on television do not describe the advantages of their competitors’ products any more than a man asking a woman to marry him encourages her to date other men before making up her mind. It is a social reality that people encourage one another to make important decisions with limited facts.
    Technology has simplified and complicated the fact-gathering process. The Internet allows us to check facts more easily, but it also disburses misinformation. Similarly, a belief that videos and photos necessarily represent reality ignores how easily they can be digitally altered. Unquestioning reliance on such forms of media makes us more susceptible to manipulators: those who want to deceive can dazzle us with a modern version of smoke and mirrors.
Paragraph 2 show that______.
选项 A、truth is hard to get due to misconceptions
B、public health deserves much attention
C、political elections have profound impact
D、illusions are helpful in gaining new insights
答案A
解析 根据文中第二段的内容可知，我们的周围充满了各种各样的假象，其中的一些是有人蓄意制造出来的。它们也许难以捉摸，或会对我们产生深刻的影响。有些假象(如电影和小说)值得我们探索并欣赏；而另外一些假象却可能给我们带来不幸，甚至使我们丧命。我们需要知道的是，某些尝起来非常美味的食物是否会在短期内(如沙门氏菌污染)或在长期内(如胆固醇)对我们的健康有害；某种正在流行的病毒非常危险，我们是否应该避免出入公共场所；如果某位政党候选人当选的话，可能会引起或解决什么问题。洞悉真理的过程是一种挑战，错误的观点可能难以辨认。据此可知，A项“错误想法致使真理难以获得”正确。
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