首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Research into self-awareness consistently shows that most people think and speak highly of themselves. Time and again, subjects
Research into self-awareness consistently shows that most people think and speak highly of themselves. Time and again, subjects
admin
2011-01-10
36
问题
Research into self-awareness consistently shows that most people think and speak highly of themselves. Time and again, subjects see positive traits as more self-descriptive than negative ones, they rate themselves more highly than they rate others, they rate themselves more highly than they are rated by others, they overestimate their contribution to team efforts, and they exaggerate their control over life events. It’s not that we consciously flatter ourselves, either. The response is more like a mindless reflex. In fact, when subjects are busy or distracted as they make self-ratings, the judgments they come up with are quicker and even more favorable.
Most people also exhibit "unrealistic optimism", a tendency to predict a uniquely bright and rosy future for themselves. College students asked to predict their own future compared to that of their classmates believed, on average, that they were more likely to graduate higher in their class, get a better job, earn a higher salary, have a happier marriage, and bear a gifted child. They also believed that they were less likely to get fired, become depressed, become involved in a car accident, or suffer from a heart attack. Many other examples illustrate this point—as when voters predict that their favored candidate will prevail and sports fans bet on their favorite teams to win.
Psychologists used to agree that an accurate perception of reality is vital to mental health. More and more, however, this view is being challenged by research on positive illusions. Are these illusions a sign of well-being or symptoms of disorder?
In 1988 two psychologists reviewed the relevant research and noticed that people who are mildly depressed or low in self-esteem have less inflated and sometimes more realistic views of themselves than do others who are better adjusted. Their self-appraisals are more likely to match appraisals of them made by neutral others, they are less likely to exaggerate their control over uncontrollable events, and they make more balanced predictions about the future. Based on these results, psychologists arrived at the provocative conclusion that when it comes to the self, positive illusions—not accurate perceptions of reality—promote health and well-being. In their words, "these illusions help make each individual’s world a warmer and more active and beneficent place in which to live." In fact, research involving people under stress—such as people with serious illnesses—shows that perceived control, optimism, and other positive beliefs are "health protective" psychological resources that help people cope with adversity.
Others are not so sure that eternal optimists are better off than hard realists. They argue that positive illusions can give rise to chronic patterns of self-destruction—as when people escape from self-awareness through the use of drugs and deny health-related problems until it s too late for treatment. In studies of interpersonal relations, people with inflated rather than realistic views of themselves were rated less favorably on certain dimensions by their own friends. In these studies, self-enhancing men were seen as assertive and ambitious, which are OK, but also as boastful, condescending, hostile, and inconsiderate. Self-enhancing women were seen as more hostile, more defensive and sensitive to criticism, more likely to overreact to minor setbacks, and less well liked by others. Consistent with these findings, other research shows that people filled with high self-esteem are more likely to lash out angrily in response to criticism, rejection, and other bruises to the ego. The result. People with inflated self-images may make a good first impression on others but they are liked less and less as time wears on.
In paragraph 2,the author mentions college students, voters, and sports fans to support the point that______.
选项
A、most people tend to be optimistic
B、certain people lose their optimism quickly
C、education plays a role in how people view the future
D、college students differ from people in the general population
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/AmcO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI中级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI中级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Intheadvancedcourseofourtraining,studentsmusttakeobjectivetestsatmonthly
ThefactthatmostAmericansliveinurbanareasdoesnotmeanthattheyresideinthecenteroflargecities.Infact,moreAme
Astechnologicaladvancesputmoreandmoretimebetweenearlyschoollifeandtheyoungperson’sfinalaccesstospecializedwo
Daylightsavingtimewasinstitutedtoincreaseproductivity.
Agooddictionarywillhelpyouupinyourreading.
IregrettohavenotpaidmoreattentiontoourEnglishlessonsatschool.
Although"namingrights"haveproliferatedinAmericanhighereducationforthepastseveraldecades,thephenomenonhasrecentl
Astechnologicaladvancesputmoreandmoretimebetweenearlyschoollifeandtheyoungperson’sfinalaccesstospecializedwo
LifeandtheWorldLifeandtheworld,orwhateverwecallthatwhichweareandfeel,isanastonishingthing.Themistoff
地球大气层正在转暖,这种迹象日趋明显,这向人们提出了一个重大问题,即地球变暖在多大程度上应归咎于人类活动,又在多大程度上是自然原因造成的?气候变化科学家们正在寻求答案。经过对全球气候变化的全方位定期科学评估,科学家们断定全球气候受到了“显而易见的人为影响”
随机试题
对于经销数额的规定,一般采取的做法是()
A.我国实施药品分类管理的指导思想B.我国实施药品分类管理的目标C.我国实施药品分类管理的基本原则D.我国遴选非处方药的指导思想E.我国遴选非处方药的原则
下列关于合伙企业经营积累的财产性质的说法哪一项是正确的?()。
[2007年,第2题](07年)设平面π的方程为2x-2y+3=0,以下选项中错误的是()。
工程项目总控的特点有()。
风管安装要求包括:固定室外立管的拉索,严禁与避雷针和避雷网相连,()。
某电信公司2009年度,发生相关业务如下:(1)当年为新入网客户提供通信服务,取得收入500万元,同时销售电话座机收入20万元,收取电话机安装费收入2万元;(2)当年销售长途IP电话卡业务,面值收入700万元,当年财务会计上体现折让比例
《巴塞尔新资本协议》对三大风险加权资产规定了不同的计算方法。其中对市场风险资产,商业银行可以采取的方法是()。
下列各句中,没有歧义的一句是()。
鸦片战争前中国同英国相比在政治、经济和军事上存在着哪些差距?到19世纪60年代,外来因素使中国社会出现了哪些变化?变化中进步的主流是什么?
最新回复
(
0
)