2. 外语
  3. In his classic novel, The Pioneers, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, with his cousin on a tour of the city

In his classic novel, The Pioneers, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, with his cousin on a tour of the city

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问题 In his classic novel, The Pioneers, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, with his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a bustling metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest. "Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?" she asks. He’s astonished she can’t see them. "Where! Why everywhere," he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they are as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.
Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, "Life for the American is always becoming, never being. "
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答案 詹姆斯?费尼莫尔?库珀在其经典小说《拓荒者》一书中，描述了主人公——一个土地开发商——带着他的表妹游览一座他正在建造的城市的情景。他绘声绘色地描绘了宽阔的街道，鳞次栉比的房屋，一个熙熙攘攘的大都市。但是，他的表妹大惑不解地环顾四周，看见的只是一片森林。她问：“你要给我看的美景与改造了的地方在哪里?”主人公很惊讶他的表妹竟然看不见这些东西，他回答道：“哪里?到处都是啊!”因为尽管这些东西还没有在土地上建成，但他已经在脑海里建造好了，它们对他来说是具体存在的，就像已经建成竣工了一样。 库珀在这里阐释的是一种美国人独具的特征，即前瞻性：他们既能够从未来的有利角度审视现在，又能摆脱过去的束缚，从而在情感上更加亲近未来。正如阿尔伯特?爱因斯坦曾经说过的那样：“对美国人来说，生活总是在变化的，从来不会停滞不前。”
解析 1．第一段第一句中需用到增译法，增加“描述了……的情景”。
2．第一段第二句中的the broad streets，rows of houses，a bustling metropolis，翻译时要尽量使文字优美、流畅，可以分别译为“宽阔的街道”“鳞次栉比的房屋”和“熙熙攘攘的大都市”。
3．第一段第三句中的bewildered的意思是“迷惑的，大惑不解地”。
4．第一段倒数第二句中的“Where! Why everywhere，”的翻译要体现出表哥那种吃惊、感到不可思议的感觉，可用转译法进行灵活翻译，译为：“哪里?到处都是啊!”
5．第一段最后一句中的concrete意为“具体的，实在的”。
6．第二段第一句较长，可采用顺译法。future—mindedness指“具有前瞻性的思维、想法”。
7．the vantage point of the future可译为“未来的有利角度”。
8．unencumbered的意思是“没有阻碍的，不受妨碍的”，unencumbered by the past译为“摆脱过去的束缚”。
9．emotionally attached to译为“在情感上更加亲近……”。
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