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  3. I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not lea

I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not lea

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问题     I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of the God, and have somewhat hastily concluded that it is the chief end of man here to "glorify God and enjoy him forever."
    Still we live meanly, like ants; though the fable tells us that we were long ago changed into men; like pygmies we fight with cranes; it is error upon error, and clout upon clout, and our best virtue has for its occasion a superfluous and evitable wretchedness. Our life is frittered away by detail. An honest man has hardly need to count more than his ten fingers, or in extreme cases he may add his ten toes, and lump the rest. Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity!
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答案 我到林中生活，因为我想慎重地对待生活，抛开各种细枝末节，看我能否学到生活之所授，免得到临死时，才发现自己虚度了一生。我不想过不能称之为生活的日子，因为活着是那样难能可贵；我也不愿退隐山泉，除非迫不得已。我要活得深刻，汲取生命的精髓，如斯巴达人那样简单地生活，抛开一切与生活无关的东西，划出一块宽阔的天地，将之细细打理，把生活逼入一个角落，让其恢复最简状态，若事实证明生活是卑微的，那就彻底认清这真正 的卑微，将之公布于众；又或者，若生活是崇高的，那就去切身地体验它，在下次远足时对其作出如实的描述。在我看来，大多数人都不确定生活的本质是属于魔鬼还是上帝，而他们却又不无轻率地把人生的主要目的归结为“赞美上帝，永远与上帝同在。” 虽然神话传说告诉我们，我们在很久之前便进化为人，可我们依然如蝼蚁般活得卑微；就像同长颈鹤搏斗的俾格米人；这真是错上加错，雪上加霜；我们最美好的品德也因此平添了本可避免的多余劣性。我们因琐碎虚耗了人生。老实人要计算的基本上十根手指就能数得过来，顶多再加上十个脚趾，其他的都可以一概而论。简单，简单，再简单!
解析     本文选自19世纪美国作家梭罗的代表作《瓦尔登湖》(Walden)。梭罗独自在瓦尔登湖畔生活长达两年多，与山水鸟鱼对话，和大自然朝夕相处，并在此期间虔心写作，写出了经典之作《瓦尔登湖》，其中充满了对人生的思悟解读。本文选自其中的第二章《我生活的地方以及我为何生活》(Where I Lived，and What I Lived for)。
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