2. 外语
  3. 文房四宝(the Four Treasures of the Study)是中国古代书画用具的总称，指纸、墨、毛笔与砚台(inkstone).文房四宝的质量对绘画和书法(calligraphy)起着决定性的作用。因此进行中国传统绘画和书法的文人都很注重这些

文房四宝(the Four Treasures of the Study)是中国古代书画用具的总称，指纸、墨、毛笔与砚台(inkstone).文房四宝的质量对绘画和书法(calligraphy)起着决定性的作用。因此进行中国传统绘画和书法的文人都很注重这些

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问题     文房四宝(the Four Treasures of the Study)是中国古代书画用具的总称，指纸、墨、毛笔与砚台(inkstone).文房四宝的质量对绘画和书法(calligraphy)起着决定性的作用。因此进行中国传统绘画和书法的文人都很注重这些用具的选择。唐宋时期(the Tang and Song Dynasties)的文房四宝因其质量优良与制作精美，为后世学者高度称颂。在某种程度上来说，“文房四宝”是促进中国传统文化发展的一个重要因素。
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答案 The Four Treasures of the Study is a general term for a set of tools for painting and writing in ancient China, namely paper, ink, brush pen and ink stone. The quality of the Four Treasures of the Study plays a decisive role in one’s painting and calligraphy. Therefore, scholars engaging in traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy attached much importance to the choice of the tools. The products of "the Four Treasures of the Study" elaborately made during the Tang and Song Dynasties are highly praised by later scholars for their superior quality. To some extent, the Four Treasures of the Study is an important factor which has promoted the development of traditional Chinese culture.
解析 1．第1句中的“书画用具”表达为tools for painting and writing，译文中增译“一套”(a set of)使表达更为精准。“指纸、墨、毛笔与砚台”是对前述内容的具体说明，可处理为插入语，用namely“即，也就是”引导。
2．第3句中修饰“文人”的定语“进行中国传统绘画和书法的”较长，故将其处理成后置定语，用分词短语engaging in…来表达，亦可用从句who engaged in…来表达。
3．第4句中的修饰成分较多，翻译时应先译出句子主干：“文房四宝为后世学者高度称颂”，译为the productsof“the Four Treasures of the study”are highly praised by later scholars，译文中增译“产品，成品”(the products of)更贴切原意。“因其质量优良与制作精美”可处理为原因状语从句，译作because theywere elaborately made and of superior quality，但不如译文the products…elaborately made…arehighly praised…for their superior quality表达得简洁、地道。
4．最后一句中修饰“重要因素”的定语“促进中国传统文化发展的”较长，故将其处理成后置定语，用从句which has promoted the development…来表达。
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