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  3. Inertial guidance is the name given to those types of systems which guide and keep track of the location of vehicles which are f

Inertial guidance is the name given to those types of systems which guide and keep track of the location of vehicles which are f

admin2010-07-06  28
问题      Inertial guidance is the name given to those types of systems which guide and keep track of the location of vehicles which are free to move in three dimensions. Vehicles which move only on a plane surface, such as ships or automobiles, require only an accurate compass, sextant, and clock to keep track of their present position. When a vehicle can travel up or down as well as north or east, it is much more difficult to fix its position. An inertial platform is used in inertial guidance to measure vehicle altitude and acceleration which are then integrated to provide position and velocity. The inertial platform consists of three gyroscopes and three accelerometers mounted in the inner gimbal of the four gimbal platform. The purpose of the inertial platform is to allow the vehicle to move in any direction about the inner gimbal containing the gyros and accelerometers, without disturbing or turning them from their original orientation. Thus the gyros and accelerometers do not mm when the vehicle turns so they sense altitude and acceleration with respect to their original inertial reference frame. If the acceleration is always known with respect to this original inertial reference frame, it can be integrated to provide velocity and then integrated again to provide distance. Thus the distance and velocity of the vehicle with respect to its starting point are known.
     Inertial guidance systems are used today in airplanes, submarines, and spacecraft. They display for the pilot his pitch, roll and yaw angles, his heading, his speed, and his latitude and longitude. These are very important items to have readily available, whether one is in a high speed vehicle with very low visibility due to poor weather, or in a spacecraft traveling in lunar orbit. The main features of inertial systems are that they are automatic and do not require any external information. Thus, the pilot does not have to feed in any information except the original position and altitude. Inertial systems serve a need on fast moving vehicles moving in a three dimensional plane, where position information is required by the pilot almost constantly.
It can be interred from the article that an inertial guidance system is similar to
选项 A、a gyroscope.
B、a high speed vehicle.
C、a navigator.
D、a submarine.
答案C
解析 本题考查推理判断。根据文章第一句话，可知，惯性制导系统能够控制并记录在三维空间里运动的运载工具的位置，很像导航设备，所以选项C 正确。选项A gyroscope(陀螺仪)是制导系统的一部分，所以排除；从文中找不到这种制导系统像高速运载工具依据，所以选项B 错误；选项D submarine(潜水艇)使用这种制导系统，因此本身不可能类似这种系统，也是错误的。
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