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  3. A dream is this: I perceive objects, but there is nothing there. I see people; I seem to speak to them and I hear what they answ

A dream is this: I perceive objects, but there is nothing there. I see people; I seem to speak to them and I hear what they answ

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问题     A dream is this: I perceive objects, but there is nothing there. I see people; I seem to speak to them and I hear what they answer, but there is no one there and I have not really spoken. It is just as if real things and real people were, but on waking all has disappeared. How does this happen?
    But, first, is it true that there is nothing there? I mean, is there any sense material presented to our eyes, to our ears, to our touch, etc., during sleep as well as during waking?
    Close the eyes and look attentively at what goes on in the field of our vision. Many people questioned on this point would say that nothing goes on, that they see nothing. This is not surprising, for a certain amount of practice is necessary to be able to observe oneself satisfactorily. But just give the requisite amount, and you will distinguish, little by little, many things. First, in general, a black back-ground. Upon this black background occasionally brilliant points which come and go, rising and descending, slowly and sedately. More often, spots any colors, sometimes very dull, sometimes, with certain people, so brilliant that reality cannot compare with it. These spots spread and shrink, changing form and color, constantly displacing one another. Sometimes the change is slow and gradual; sometimes again it is a whirlwind of vertiginous rapidity. Where does all this come from? The physiologists and the psychologists have studied this play of colors and have given the names "ocular spectra," "colored spots," and "phosphenes" to the phenomenon. It occurs universally and it constitutes, I believe, the principal material of which we shape our dreams.
    The American psychologist professor Henry Ladd has devised a rigorous method of testing this hypothesis. It consists in acquiring the habit on awakening in the morning of keeping the eyes closed and retaining for some minutes the dream that is fading from the field of vision and soon would doubtless have faded from that of memory. Then one sees the figures and objects of the dream melt away little by little into phosphenes, identifying themselves with the colored spots that the eye really perceives when the lids are closed.
    Will this alone suffice? Still considering the sensation of sight, we ought to add to these visual sensations which we may call internal all those which continue to come to us from an external source. The eyes, when closed, still distinguish light from shade, and even, to a certain extent, different lights from one another. These sensations of light, emanating from without, are at the bottom of many of our dreams. A candle abruptly lighted in the room will, for example, suggest to the sleeper, if his slumber is not too deep, a dream dominated by the image of fire, the idea of a burning building. Such are often the dreams provoked by a bright and sudden light.
The author refers to the real-life sources of the sensations in our dreams as________.
选项 A、phenomenon
B、sense material
C、visual sensations
D、vertiginous rapidity
答案B
解析 事实细节题。题目问的是作者将我们梦境的真实来源称作什么，可以定位到文中第二段提到“我的意思是，在我们睡着的时候，是否有感官材料呈现给我们的眼睛、耳朵，引起我们的触觉，正如我们清醒的时候一样?”B项符合文意，故为答案。
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