首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Researchers have known that secondhand smoke can be just as dangerous for nonsmokers as smoking is for smokers, but now there’s
Researchers have known that secondhand smoke can be just as dangerous for nonsmokers as smoking is for smokers, but now there’s
admin
2011-01-10
52
问题
Researchers have known that secondhand smoke can be just as dangerous for nonsmokers as smoking is for smokers, but now there’s fresh evidence quantifying just how hazardous the after-burn from cigarettes can be, and how quickly it affects your body. Scientists at the Oregon Department of Health documented for the first time an hourly buildup of a cancer- causing compound from cigarette smoke in the blood of nonsmokers working in bars and restaurants in the state.
Reporting in the American Journal of Public Health, the researchers found that waitstaff and bartenders working a typical night shift gradually accumulated higher levels of NNK, a carcinogen in cigarette smoke, at the rate of 6% each hour they worked. NNK is known to be involved in inducing lung cancer in both lab rats and smokers.
"We were somewhat surprised by the immediacy of the effect and the fact that we could measure the average hourly increase," says Michael Stark, the lead author of the study and a principal investigator at the Mulmomah County Health Department in Oregon.
The authors are confident that the increases in NNK in the workers they tested most likely came from their exposure to smoke—the study included a control group of similar subjects in restaurants where no smoking was allowed. "There is experimental evidence from studies where you put nonsmokers in a room, blow smoke into the room and measure their artery function, that you see the platelets get sticky, which can cause clots and lead to a heart attack, and the ability of the arteries to dilate decreases very rapidly," says Dr. Matthew McKenna, director of the office on smoking and public health for the Centers for Disease Control.
All of which could mean more time loitering outside buildings and in alleyways for smokers intent on grabbing a puff. Thirteen states now prohibit smoking in restaurants altogether (most of these include bars as well), and while 11 states still put no restrictions on lighting up, individual cities within those states—such as Austin in Texas, for example have passed legislation banning smoking in eating establishments and other public areas.
It’s just getting harder to refute the scientific evidence; in a study done in Scotland several months after that nation instituted a ban on smoking in public places, researchers found that following the ban, bar patrons showed stronger lung capacity and reduced levels of inflammation (a red flag for a number of chronic diseases, including heart disease and asthma). "We made it pretty clear that the science on this is pretty irrefutable," says McKenna. And if smokers have fewer places to smoke, that message may finally get heard.
According to the passage, the scientists carried out their researches on______.
选项
A、smokers from different parts of the world
B、smokers from different states in the United States
C、actors and actresses who smoke a lot
D、waitstaff and bartenders
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/eDcO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI中级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI中级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Aswithanyworkofart,themeritofChapmanKelleyV’WildflowerWorksI"wasintheeyeofthebeholder.Kelley,whonormal
Justlastweek,forexample,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)announcedthedisturbingdisclosurethatchickflumaybepretty
Astatelessyoungmanmayhavefelt______afterhavingbeendeniedasylumandrightofresidencebymanycountries.
ItisreportedthatthelatestoutbreakofthebirdfluinPennsylvaniaintheUnitedStateshaspromptedChinatoslapabanon
Overaverylargenumberoftrials,theprobabilityofanevent______isequaltotheprobabilitythatitwillnotoccur.
Hewasonlya(n)________rulerofthecountry;therealonewashismother,whoactuallyhandledstateaffairsandpossessedthe
Onlyone-fifthofAmericanssawoilasthechiefreasonthattheU.S.madeawaronIraq,but75percentoftheFrenchandoft
ExercisingtoMusicPumpsupBrainPowerIfmusicmakesyousmarter,andexercisehelpsbrainfunction,canexercisingtomus
当前,亚欧两地区都处于蓬勃发展的阶段。亚洲是世界上最具经济活力的地区,资源丰富,市场广阔,区域合作方兴未艾。欧盟是世界上最大的发达经济体,资本充裕,科技先进,一体化程度高。两地区政治上共识很多,经济上优势互补,文化上各具特色,为开展更广泛和具有实质性的对话
ThechallengeofmakingaseriousfilmabouttheZodiac,aserialkillerwhoterrorisednorthernCaliforniainthelate1960san
随机试题
给定程序中,函数fun的功能是将a和b所指的两个字符串转换成面值相同的整数,并进行相加作为函数值返回,规定字符串中只含9个以下数字字符。例如,主函数中输入字符串:32486和12345,在主函数中输出的函数值为:44831。请在程序的下
生命与群落的相同特征是()
A.异常活动B.功能障碍C.呼吸困难D.持续高热E.血压降低开放性骨折并发感染的主要表现是
下列有关疾病监测的论述错误的是
李天志与妻子朱兰、女儿李梅(11周岁)一家三口住在贫困山村。为脱贫致富,1998年12月李天志分别向信用社和复员军人张海借款1万元,写下欠条1万元,共计3万元,购买邻村一台旧卡车开始货运业务。1999年1月,在尚未办理各项车辆运输保险的情况下。李天志冒着下
l.如何确定成交样?
以下关于封闭式证券投资基金与开放式证券投资基金的区别的论述,不正确的是( )。
A、 B、 C、 D、 B
设有以下过程:PrivateSubproc(xAsInteger,OptionalyAsInteger)Printx,yEndSub针对此过程,下面正确的过程调用语句是
打开考生文件夹下的演示文稿yswg.pptx,按照下列要求完成对此文稿的制作:演示文稿播放的全程需要有背景音乐。
最新回复
(
0
)