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  3. The term "disruptive technology" is popular, but is widely misused. It refers not simply to a clever new technology, but to one

The term "disruptive technology" is popular, but is widely misused. It refers not simply to a clever new technology, but to one

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问题     The term "disruptive technology" is popular, but is widely misused. It refers not simply to a clever new technology, but to one that undermines an existing technology—and which therefore makes life very difficult for the many businesses which depend on the existing way of doing things. Thirty years ago, the personal computer was a classic example. It swept aside an older mainframe-based style of computing, and eventually brought IBM, one of the world’s mightiest firms at the time, to its knees. This week has been a coming-out party of sorts for another disruptive technology, "voice over internet protocol" (VOIP), which promises to be even more disruptive, and of even greater benefit to consumers, than personal computers.
    VOIP’s leading proponent is Skype, a small firm whose software allows people to make free calls to other Skype users over the internet, and very cheap calls to traditional telephones—all of which spells trouble for incumbent telecoms operators. On September 12th, eBay, the leading online auction-house, announced that it was buying Skype for $ 2.6 billion, plus an additional $ 1.5 billion if Skype hits certain performance targets in coming years.
    It seems that this is a vast sum to pay for a company that has only $ 60m in revenues and has yet to turn a profit. Yet eBay was not the only company interested in buying Skype. Microsoft, Yahoo!, News Corporation and Google were all said to have also considered the idea. Perhaps eBay, rather like some over-excited bidder in one of its own auctions, has paid too much. The company says it plans to use Skype’s technology to make it easier for buyers and sellers to communicate, and to offer new "click to call" advertisements, but many analysts are sceptical that eBay is the best owner of Skype. Whatever the merits of the deal, however, the fuss over Skype in recent weeks has highlighted the significance of VOIP, and the enormous threat it poses to incumbent telecoms operators.
    For the rise of Skype and other VOIP services means nothing less than the death of the traditional telephone business, established over a century ago. Skype is merely the most visible manifestation of a dramatic shift in the telecoms industry, as voice calling becomes just another data service delivered via high-speed internet connections. Skype, which has over 54m users, has received the most attention, hut other firms routing calls partially or entirely over the internet have also signed up millions of customers.
The phrase "brought…to its knees" in the first paragraph most probably means
选项 A、forced…to submit to it.
B、imposed…on it.
C、convinced…that it….
D、associated…with it.
答案A
解析 本题是一道词汇题，测试考生准确理解原文词语的能力。原文首段第四句中的“brought…to its knees”来自于“bring…to one’s knees”，其含义是“使……屈服于某人”。由此可以推断本题的正确选项是A“forced…to submit to it”(使……屈服于它)。
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