首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
The economic controls implemented during the second world war make today’s restrictions on restaurants and football stadiums loo
The economic controls implemented during the second world war make today’s restrictions on restaurants and football stadiums loo
admin
2022-11-01
107
问题
The economic controls implemented during the second world war make today’s restrictions on restaurants and football stadiums look lax. In America the government rationed everything from coffee to shoes and forbade the production of fridges and bicycles.
【B1】____________________By 1950 carmakers were producing more than 8m vehicles a year.
Governments today are slowly easing lockdowns, as vaccines reduce deaths from COVID-19. Attention is turning to the likely shape of the economic recovery. The big question is whether or not the rich world can repeat the post-war trick, with pent-up savings powering a rapid bounce-back.
Households have certainly accumulated lots of cash. The data on personal saving has been gathered—the difference between post-tax income and consumer spending—for 21 rich countries. 【B2】____________________In fact they saved $6trn. That implies "excess saving" of about $3trn—a tenth of annual consumer spending in those countries. Households in some places have built up bigger cash piles than those in others. In America excess savings may soon exceed 10% of GDP, in part because of President Joe Biden’s $1.9trn stimulus plan.
Households do not usually save on such a scale during recessions. For one thing, their incomes usually fall, as their pay is cut or they lose their jobs. But governments in the rich world have spent 5% of their combined GDP on furlough schemes, unemployment benefits and stimulus cheques during the pandemic. As a result, household incomes have actually risen in the past year. At the same time, lockdowns have reduced opportunities to spend.
What will consumers do with the cash? If they were to spend it all in one go, rich world GDP growth would probably exceed 10% in 2021, a figure so heady it would put the postwar recovery to shame. At the other extreme, households could spend none of their savings, perhaps if they anticipated that their tax payments would eventually have to rise in order to pay for the enormous stimulus packages.
Research by JPMorgan Chase, a bank, suggests that in many rich countries consumption will soon rebound to near its pre-pandemic level, powering a strong global recovery.
【B3】____________________These evidences point to a fairly rapid recovery in both output and employment.
Such calculations are highly uncertain, however, and not only because there are few precedents apart from the second world war. 【B4】____________________
Take distribution first. There seems little doubt that in all rich countries wealthier people have accumulated most of the excess savings. They have been the least likely to lose work. A big share of their spending is discretionary, say on holidays or meals out; and it is many of these services that have been shut down during the pandemic.
America’s fiscal stimulus has been unusually generous. A third round of cheques, for $1,400, will soon be sent to most adults. Top-ups to unemployment benefits have ensured that many people who lost work have earned more from the state than they did in their jobs. 【B5】____________________A new study by the JPMorgan Chase Institute found that in late December the poorest Americans’ bank balances were some 40% higher than the year before, compared with about 25% higher for the richest. The poorest half have seen their liquid assets rise in value by 11% in the past year, nearly twice the increase for the rich 1%.
[A] Goldman Sachs, another bank, reckons that in America the spending of excess savings will add two percentage points to GDP growth in the year after full reopening.
[B] Had the pandemic not happened, households would probably have accumulated $3trn in the first nine months of 2020.
[C] And that points to a striking contrast with the postwar boom. America’s recovery was impressive enough, but Europe’s was even more so, with GDP growth running 50% faster throughout the 1950s.
[D] Two factors matter: how the accumulated pots of cash are distributed across households; and whether people treat those pots as income or as wealth.
[E] The result is that low-income Americans may have saved even more than the rich, relative to their incomes.
[F] In 1943 its entire auto-mobile industry sold only 139 cars. Two years later the war ended, and a consumer led boom ensued. Americans put to use the personal savings they had accumulated in wartime.
[G] In America and Japan, by contrast, excess savings are a result of higher income because of stimulus payouts, not spending cutbacks.
【B1】
选项
答案
F
解析
本题的解题关键是时间脉络。第一、二句提到美国二战期间的消费情况,空格后以By1950引导,说明空格所述的内容应发生于1950年之前。根据时间脉络,观察选项,可以看出只有[F]项满足条件,该选项先后出现了In 1943和Two years later,与其后By 1950构成了时间上的衔接,故为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/f0MD777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Skepticsofhighereducationoftencomplainthatuniversitiesoffertoomanyboringdegreeswithlittlevalueintheworkplace.【
Skepticsofhighereducationoftencomplainthatuniversitiesoffertoomanyboringdegreeswithlittlevalueintheworkplace.【
Skepticsofhighereducationoftencomplainthatuniversitiesoffertoomanyboringdegreeswithlittlevalueintheworkplace.【
Skepticsofhighereducationoftencomplainthatuniversitiesoffertoomanyboringdegreeswithlittlevalueintheworkplace.【
Skepticsofhighereducationoftencomplainthatuniversitiesoffertoomanyboringdegreeswithlittlevalueintheworkplace.【
Overthecourseofmanyyears,withoutmakinganygreatfussaboutit,theauthoritiesinNewYorkdisabledmostofthecontrol
Americahaslongbeenresistanttoadequatepovertypoliciesbecauseofitsstrongstrainofthinkingthatthepoorareresponsi
ManyAmericanshavebeenfeedingababyaspirinonceaday,believingitwouldprotectthemfromaheartattack,astroke,ande
Theworldeconomyhasrunintoabrickwall.Despitecountlesswarningsinrecentyearsabouttheneedtoaddressaloominghung
随机试题
王某,女,26岁。涉冷水出现下肢膝、踝关节剧痛,痛处不移,得热减,得寒剧,关节屈伸不利,无红肿发热等。舌暗苔薄白,脉弦紧。宜用
患者,男性,62岁,自觉牙龈出血、牙齿松动半年余。检查:CI-S:3,多个牙松动度在Ⅰ~Ⅱ度之间,牙龈红肿,探易出血,牙周袋深3~5mm。如果该患者有人工心脏瓣膜,则最佳的治疗方法是A.直接作牙周基础治疗即可B.在接受牙周治疗的当天应服用抗生素C
心烦失眠,腰酸梦遗,头晕口干舌红少苔,应辨为
与五苓散中桂枝配伍作用不相关的项是
联华公司欠缴大笔税款,且该公司目前财务状况恶化,虽然经税务机关采取强制措施仍无法缴清税款。此时,税务机关得知丰泰公司长期拖欠联华公司一笔货款,而联华公司一直未向其索要,即将超过诉讼时效。税务机关可以:()
下列防水卷材单层最小厚度要求,数值最大的是:
下列不是料场加水的有效方法的是()。
关于存货监盘的说法中,正确的是()。
研究人员在实验中每天给怀孕与哺乳期的小鼠喂食含咖啡因的水,其量相当于人类每天喝3到4杯咖啡,结果发现,这些母鼠生育的小鼠幼崽大脑中与记忆有关的海马区细胞会发出过多的信息,导致患癫痫风险上升。这是因为这些小鼠大脑海马区中的神经细胞数量少于正常小鼠。由此推测孕
随着科技的进步尤其是“互联网+”的发展,出现了代驾、陪购师、网络主播等新兴职业。这些新兴职业在给社会带来效率或便利的同时,也面临着如何规范的问题,制定相关的法律法规刻不容缓。由此可见()。
最新回复
(
0
)