2. 考研
  3. 现存的苏州古典园林大都是宋、元、明、清以来留存下来的私家庭院。据《苏州府志》记载，在明代苏州有大小园林二百七十处。苏州现存大小园林五十多处,其中名园，有建于宋代的沧浪亭、网师园，有建于元代的狮子林，有建于明代的拙政园、留园，有建于清代的怡园、耦园、鹤园、环

现存的苏州古典园林大都是宋、元、明、清以来留存下来的私家庭院。据《苏州府志》记载，在明代苏州有大小园林二百七十处。苏州现存大小园林五十多处,其中名园，有建于宋代的沧浪亭、网师园，有建于元代的狮子林，有建于明代的拙政园、留园，有建于清代的怡园、耦园、鹤园、环

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问题     现存的苏州古典园林大都是宋、元、明、清以来留存下来的私家庭院。据《苏州府志》记载，在明代苏州有大小园林二百七十处。苏州现存大小园林五十多处,其中名园，有建于宋代的沧浪亭、网师园，有建于元代的狮子林，有建于明代的拙政园、留园，有建于清代的怡园、耦园、鹤园、环秀山庄等。这些园林的共同特色是因洼疏池，营建亭榭，或以山取胜，或以水见长，园林和居室紧密相连，具有居住和游览的双重作用，以达到不出城廓而获山水之怡，身居闹市而得临泉之趣。在这富有诗情画意的小园林里，山光，水声，月色，花香均可供其观赏，园内可望，可行，可游，可居，把生意盎然的自然美和艺术美融为一体，使园林建筑达到了高度的艺术成就，成为我国文化艺术的珍贵遗产。1977年12月4日，苏州4座古典园林，拙政园、留园、网师园、环秀山庄被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化遗产名录”。之后，沧浪亭、狮子林、艺圃、耦园、退思园，也被列为“世界文化遗产名录”。
选项
答案 The existing Classical Gardens of Suzhou are mostly private courtyards preserved since the dynasties of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing. According to the Official Records of Suzhou, there were 270 gardens of varying sizes in Ming Dynasty. More than 50 gardens are preserved in Suzhou, among which the well-known ones are the Canglang Pavilion and the Master of Nets Garden built in Song Dynasty; the Lion Grove Garden built in Yuan Dynasty; the Humble Administrator’s Garden and the Lingering Garden built in Ming Dynasty; and the Harmony Garden, the Couple’s Retreat Garden, the Crane Garden and the Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty built in Qing Dynasty, etc. The common features of these gardens are to dig pools in the low land and to construct pavilions which lie against either water or hills to make themselves attractive. Moreover, the gardens and bedrooms are closely linked for both living and visiting. Visitors can enjoy the water and hills without leaving and the springs among the busy streets. In the poetic gardens, the landscape of hills, the sound of water, the fragrance of flowers and the moonlight are all available. Visitors can overlook, walk, visit and rest. The gardens integrate the vividly natural and artistic beauty, making the constructions outstanding artistic achievements and a precious heritage of Chinese culture and art. On December 4, 1997, four classical gardens of Suzhou were listed in the World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO, namely, the Humble Administrator’ s Garden, the Lingering Garden, the Master of Nets Garden, and the Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty. After that, the Canglang Pavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the Art Garden, the Couple’s Retreat Garden and the Garden of Quiet Meditation were also listed as the World Cultural Heritage.
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