Data marts, databases, and data warehouses have distinct characteristics. Which of the following does not correctly describe a d

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问题 Data marts, databases, and data warehouses have distinct characteristics. Which of the following does not correctly describe a data warehouse?

选项 A、It could increase the risk of privacy violations.
B、It is developed to carry out analysis.
C、It contains data from several different sources.
D、It is created and used for project-based tactical reasons.

答案D

解析 D正确。数据仓库(data warehouse)的创建和使用通常并不是因为基于项目的战术原因。它描述的是数据集市(data mart)的特点，数据集市是短时间内项目为确定解决问题的战术方法的数据库(database)的一部分。而创建数据仓库的目的是基于战略原因进行数据挖掘(data mining)和分析。
A不正确。因为数据仓库可能会增加隐私侵犯的风险，这是由于数据是从几个不同的来源进行收集并存储在一个中央位置(仓库)。尽管这种做法可以提供更加便捷的访问和控制方法——因为数据仓库位于同一个地方——但它也要求更加严格的安全防范。如果某个入侵者进入了这个数据仓库，她便立刻能访问这个公司的所有信息。
B不正确。因为这个说法是正确的。创建数据仓库的目的通常是为了分析。分析有助于战略决策的制定，例如，那些与业务趋势、欺骗活动或者营销效果相关的战略决策。分析工作通常是通过数据挖掘活动进行的。
C不正确。因为数据仓库的确包含若干个不同来源的信息。数据从不同的数据库和其他数据点被提取出来，再传输到一个叫做数据仓库的中央数据存储位置，然后再进行归一化。这样使得用户只需要查询一个单一的实体而不是访问和查询不同的数据源，并且这样也可以提高信息检索和数据分析的效率。

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