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  3. The process of acquiring the self-discipline for Japanese begins in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birth—how early

The process of acquiring the self-discipline for Japanese begins in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birth—how early

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问题     The process of acquiring the self-discipline for Japanese begins
in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birth—how early the
Japanese child is given his own identity! If I was to define in a word【S1】______
the attitude of the Japanese toward their children, I would put it in a【S2】______
concise word—Love! Yes, abundance of love, warmly expressed
from the moment which he is put to his mother’s breast. For a【S3】______
mother this nursing of her child is psychologically important.
    Rewards are frequent, a bit of candy bestowing at the right【S4】______
moment, an inexpensive toy. For time to enter school comes, however,【S5】______
discipline becomes firmer. To bring shame to the family is greatest【S6】______
shame for the child.
    What is the secret of the Japanese teaching of self-discipline?
It lies, I think, in the fact which the aim of all teaching is the【S7】______
establishment of habit. Rules are repeated over and over, and
continually practiced until obedience becomes instinctive. This
repetition is enhanced by the expectation of the elders. They expect
a child to obey and to learn through obedience. The demand is
gentle at first and tempering to the child’s tender age. It is no more【S8】______
gentle as time goes on, but certainly it is increasingly inexorable.
    Now, far away from that warm Japanese home, I reflect what I【S9】______
learned there. What, I wonder, will take place of the web of love【S10】______
and discipline which for so many centuries has surrounded the life
and thinking of the people of Japan?
【S8】
选项
答案tempering—tempered
解析 语态错误。temper在这里表示“调整”，即“长辈对孩子的要求随着孩子的年龄进行调整”，temper与demand构成动宾关系，因此应该使用过去分词。
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