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  3. At the start of the 21st century, humankind finds itself on a non-sustainable course—the course that, unless it is changed, coul

At the start of the 21st century, humankind finds itself on a non-sustainable course—the course that, unless it is changed, coul

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问题     At the start of the 21st century, humankind finds itself on a non-sustainable course—the course that, unless it is changed, could lead to grand scale catastrophes. At the same time, we are unlocking formidable new capabilities mat lead to more exciting lives and glorious civilizations. This could be either humanity’s last century or the century that sets the world on a course toward a spectacular future.
    (1) We live on a small, beautiful and a totally isolated planet, but its population is becoming too large; enormous new consumer societies are growing, of which China is the largest; and technology is becoming powerful enough to wreck the planet. (2) We are traveling at breakneck speed into an age of the extremes—extremes in wealth and poverty, extremes in technology and the experiments that scientists want to perform, extreme forces of globalism, weapons of mass destruction and terrorists acting in the name of religion. If we are to survive, we have to learn how to manage this situation.
    Formidable problems confront us, but this is a book about solutions—many solutions. With these solutions we will bring about the change in course, a great 21st century transition. (3) If we get it right, we have an extraordinary future. If we get it wrong, we face an irreversible disruption that could set humanity back centuries. A drastic change is needed in the first half of that 21st century to set the stage for extraordinary events in the rest of the century.
    (4) Humankind has been able to thrive for thousands of years because nature provided it with resources like topsoil, underground water, fish in the oceans, minerals, oil and wetlands, but these resources are finite, like cookies in a jar. We are using up many of these resources, and some don’t have substitutes.
    During the lifetime of today’s teenagers, fresh water will run out in many parts of the world, making food production difficult. Many fish species will be too depleted to replenish themselves. Global warming will bring hurricanes far more severe than Katrina and will cause natural climate- control mechanisms to go wrong. Rising temperatures will lower crop yields in many of the world’s poorest countries, such as those in central Africa, (5) The immense tensions brought about by such catastrophes will occur in a time of extremism, religious belligerence and suicidal terrorism, and this will coincide with terrible weapons becoming much less expensive and more widely available.’
    This interconnected set of problems has an interconnected set of solutions. If we humans implement these solutions, we can gradually achieve sustainable development and a sustainable but affluent life.
选项
答案 1．我们生活在一个与其他星球隔绝的美丽的小星球上，但是地球的人口已经太多；庞大的新消费社会正在成长，而中国是其中最大的一个；科技也变得无比强大，足以毁坏这个星球。 2．我们正以极快的速度地奔向一个极端的时代：极端的富有，极端的贫困，极先进的科学技术和科学实验，极大的全球化影响力，大规模毁灭性武器，还有以宗教名义进行的恐怖活动。 3．如果做对了，我们就会有美好的未来。如果做错了，人类的进程将受到干扰，其结果无法逆转，人类将因之倒退几个世纪。 4．人类几千年来一直能蓬勃发展，因为大自然提供给我们种种资源，如表层水、地下水、海中的鱼、矿物、石油和湿地，但是这些资源并非用之不竭，就像饼干罐中的饼干，吃一块少一块。 5．种种灾害会诱发高度的紧张，而这一切又将发生在一个充满极端的时代：宗教纷争不断、自杀恐怖活动频繁，加之可怕的武器偏偏又变得不那么昂贵，且极易获得。
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