2. 外语
  3. It would be unjust to suppose that the patriotism and the zeal that every American displays for the welfare of his fellow citize

It would be unjust to suppose that the patriotism and the zeal that every American displays for the welfare of his fellow citize

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问题 It would be unjust to suppose that the patriotism and the zeal that every American displays for the welfare of his fellow citizens are wholly insincere. Although private interest directs the greater part of human actions in the United States as well as elsewhere, it does not regulate them all. I must say that I have often seen Americans make great and real sacrifices to the public welfare; and I have noticed a hundred instances in which they hardly ever failed to lend faithful support to one another. The free institutions which the inhabitants of the United States possess, and the political rights of which they make so much use, remind every citizen, and in a thousand ways, that he lives in society. They every instant impress upon his mind the notion that it is the duty as well as the interest of men to make themselves useful to their fellow creatures; and as he sees no particular ground of animosity to them, since he is never either their master or their slave, his heart readily leans to the side of kindness. Men attend to the interests of the public, first by necessity, afterwards by choice; what was intentional becomes an instinct, and by dint of working for the good of one’s.
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答案 我们不应认为美国人的爱国精神及他们对同胞福利所显示出的热情完全是虚伪的。虽然美国人的大部分行为受个人利益的支配，在这一点上其他国家也并无不同，但个人利益不能支配他们全部的行为。我必须说，我经常见到这样的美国人，他们确实为公共福利做出了巨大的牺牲，我也曾亲眼见过很多事例，美国人总能给彼此提供忠实的帮助。美国人有自由的制度，可以充分使用诸多政治权利，这一切以多种多样的方式提醒着每一个美国公民，他们生活在一个社会之中。美国人时刻牢记这一理念：帮助同胞既是责任所在，也与自己的利益相符合。美国人没有原因彼此憎恨，因为他们既不是别人的主人，也不是别人的奴隶，他们的心自然而然地怀有善意。
解析 1．画线部分第一句出现了双重否定结构，翻译时既可直译也可意译。在翻译此句时，应该在句首增译“我们”，以保证整段文字的完整性和连贯性。
2．画线部分第二句中的as well as elsewhere，在翻译时应该将该句补充完整，保证译文清晰流畅，译为“在这一点上其他国家也并无不同”。
3．画线部分第三句中的make great and real sacrifices如果译为“做出巨大而真实的牺牲”不符合中文习惯，译者将其处理成“确实做出了巨大牺牲”，用“确实”来体现原文中real一词的含义。
4．画线部分第四句中的a thousand ways是虚指，可译为“多种多样的方式”。
5．画线部分第五句翻译时应注意断句，其中readily指“容易地，不费事地”，此处可译为“自然而然地”。
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