中国是世界上最早开发利用矿产资源的国家之一。过去50年,中国在矿产资源勘探(survey)开发方面取得了巨大的成就,这为中国经济的持续、快速健康发展提供了重要保障。中国是一个人口众多、资源相对不足的发展中国家,主要依靠本国的矿产资源来满足现代化建设(m

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问题   中国是世界上最早开发利用矿产资源的国家之一。过去50年,中国在矿产资源勘探(survey)开发方面取得了巨大的成就,这为中国经济的持续、快速健康发展提供了重要保障。中国是一个人口众多、资源相对不足的发展中国家,主要依靠本国的矿产资源来满足现代化建设(modernization program)的需要。同时,中国还不断努力引进国外资本和技术开发本国矿产资源。中国政府高度重视可持续发展和矿产资源的合理利用,把可持续发展确定为国家战略,把保护资源列为可持续发展战略的重要内容。

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答案  China is one of the first countries in the world to develop and utilize mineral resources. Over the past five decades, China has made great achievements in the survey and exploitation of its mineral resources, which has provided an important guarantee for the sustainable, rapid and sound development of the Chinese economy. China is a developing country with a large population and a relative shortage of resources. It mainly depends on the exploitation of its own mineral resources to meet the needs of its modernization program. Meanwhile, China has made constant efforts to introduce foreign capital and technology to exploit its own mineral resources. The Chinese government attaches great importance to the sustainable development and rational utilization of mineral resources. It has made sustainable development a national strategy and protection of resources an important part of this strategy.

解析       1.第一句中,“开发利用矿产资源的”是“国家”的定语之一,翻译时可将其处理为动词不定式结构,作“国家”的后置定语。“开发利用”可以译为develop and utilize。
      2.第二句中,时间状语“过去50年”可译为Over the past five decades,主句要用现在完成时;“这为……提供了重要保障”可以处理为非限制性定语从句,译为which has provided an important guarantee for…;“持续、快速、健康发展”可以译为the sustainable,rapid and sound development。
      3.第三句中,“人口众多、资源相对不足的”可处理为with引导的介词短语作后置定语,可以译为with a large population and a relative shortage of resources;“依靠本国的矿产资源来满足现代化建设的需要”中出现了“依靠”与“满足”两个动词,译成英语时后者可译为动词不定式结构,作目的状语。
      4.末句中,“把可持续发展确定为国家战略”的主语仍然是“中国政府”,即The Chinese government,译成英语时用It指代即可。“保护资源”可以译为protection of resources。
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