首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Scientists are supposed to change their minds.【F1】Having adopted their views on scientific questions based on an objective evalu
Scientists are supposed to change their minds.【F1】Having adopted their views on scientific questions based on an objective evalu
admin
2016-01-02
77
问题
Scientists are supposed to change their minds.【F1】
Having adopted their views on scientific questions based on an objective evaluation of empirical evidence, they are expected to willingly, even eagerly, abandon cherished beliefs when new evidence undercuts them
. So it is remarkable that so few of the essays in a new book in which scientists answer the question in the title, "What Have You Changed Your Mind About?" express anything like this ideal.
Many of the changes of mind are just changes of opinion or an evolution of values. One contributor, a past supporter of manned spaceflight, now thinks it’ s pointless, while another no longer has moral objections to cognitive enhancement through drugs. Other changes of mind have to do with busted predictions, such as that computer intelligence would soon rival humans’.【F2】
Rare, however, are changes of mind by scientists identified with either side of a controversial issue.
There is no one who rose to fame arguing that a disease is caused by sticky brain plaques and who has now been convinced by evidence that the plaques are mostly innocent bystanders, not culprits. But really, we shouldn’t be surprised.【F3】
Supporters of a particular viewpoint, especially if their reputation is based on the accuracy of that viewpoint, cling to it like a shipwrecked man to floats.
Studies that undermine that position, they say, are fatally flawed.
In truth, no study is perfect, so it would be crazy to abandon an elegant, well-supported theory because one new finding undercuts it.【F4】
But it’ s fascinating how scientists with an intellectual stake in a particular side of a debate tend to see flaws in studies that undercut their dearly held views, and to interpret and even ignore "facts" to fit their views.
No wonder the historian Thomas Kuhn concluded almost 50 years ago that a scientific paradigm falls down only when the last of its powerful adherents dies.
The few essays in which scientists do admit they were wrong—and about something central to their reputation—therefore stand out.【F5】
Physicist Marcelo Gleiser of Dartmouth breaks ranks with almost every physicist since Einstein, and with his own younger self, in now doubting that the laws of nature can be unified in a single elegant formulation.
Gleiser has written dozens of papers proposing routes to the unification of gravity and quantum mechanics through everything from superstrings to extra dimensions, but now concedes that "all attempts so far have failed." Unification may be esthetically appealing, but it’ s not how nature works.
【F4】
选项
答案
但有趣的是,与某一争论的特定一方存在智力利害关系的科学家如何倾向于从动摇自己深信的观点的研究中发现破绽,并解释甚至忽略“事实”以使其符合自己的观点。
解析
该句主干是it’s fascinating,it作形式主语,真正主语是后面的how…。主语从句的主干是scientists tend to see flaws in studies and(tend)to interpret and even ignore“facts”。with an intel—lectual stake in a particular side of a debate作后置定语修饰scientists。that undercut their dearly held views为定语从句修饰studies。to fit their views作目的状语。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/xXsZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
萨皮尔一沃尔夫假说的形成——2004年英译汉及详解Therelationoflanguageandmindhasinterestedphilosophersformanycenturies.【F1】TheGreeksassum
欧洲的电视媒体——2005年英译汉及详解ItisnoteasytotalkabouttheroleofthemassmediainthisoverwhelminglysignificantphaseinEurope
行为科学的建立——2002年英译汉及详解Almostallourmajorproblemsinvolvehumanbehavior,andtheycannotbesolvedbyphysicalandbiological
TheinternshipisnowubiquitousacrossAmericaandbeyond.ThisyearyoungAmericanswillcompleteperhaps1msuchplacements;
Nobodylikestobespiedon,especiallybytheirallies,soitishardlysurprisingthatEuropeansareangryaboutAmericanespi
Doesthelanguagewespeakdeterminehowhealthyandrichwewillbe?NewresearchbyKeithChenofYaleBusinessSchoolsuggest
Googleistalkingtoautomakersabouthowtobringitsself-driving-cartechnologytomarket,executivessaidTuesday.Project
Formostofthe20thcentury,Asiaaskeditselfwhatitcouldlearnfromthemodern,innovatingWest.Nowthequestionmustber
Telecommuting,Internetshoppingandonlinemeetingsmaysaveenergyascomparedwithin-personalternatives,butasthedigital
Scientistsandcriticalthinkersalwaysuselogicalreasoning.【F1】Logicallowsustoreasoncorrectly,butitisacomplextopi
随机试题
男,39岁。既往曾有“蛋白尿”病史,一直未做系统治疗。近三周来出现恶心、呕吐,查体:血压190/120mmHg,轻度水肿,血肌酐360μmol/L,B超双肾缩小。不应出现下列哪项生化异常()
《生产安全事故报告和调查处理条例》规定,事故发生后,事故调查组应当在规定的期限内提交事故调查报告。下列有关事故调查报告的说法,不准确的是()。
信贷人员主要可从客户研发能力、内外研发机构协作能力、研发数量等方面考察客户技术水平。()
Astudentwenttocollegeafter【C1】______allhisschoolexaminations.Thereheputhisnamedownforworldgeography,【C2】______a
下列不能作为有限责任公司股东出资方式的是()。
2013年S省针对十项民生工程实施成效及个人或家庭生活状况进行的民意调查显示:十项民生工程实施成效的总体满意率平均为81.3%,较2012年上涨1.6个百分点,其中“百姓安居”工程的满意率提高幅度最大。其中“民族帮扶”、“社会保障”和“文化体育”三项工程的
突飞猛进的现代科技为互联网发展铺就了高速公路,藉此生发的微博迅速成为继博客带来全民写作时代后,网络锻造的最便捷最宽容的大众诉说窗口。事实上,无论是博客还是微博,去精英化是它们与后现代文化相一致的最大特点之一。微博用最低的门槛最有效地打破了公共领域书写言说几
最早确立政党制度的国家是()(2010年一综一第29题)
Mealsaroundthefamilyarelesscommontodaythaninthepast.Asaresultofsmallfamiliesandworkingwives,morethanhalf
WhowroteTheAmerican?
最新回复
(
0
)