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  3. Green Gene Technology For the past 10,000 years humans have influenced the plants they use at first unknowingly, later by des

Green Gene Technology For the past 10,000 years humans have influenced the plants they use at first unknowingly, later by des

admin2011-01-23  74
问题                            Green Gene Technology
   For the past 10,000 years humans have influenced the plants they use at first unknowingly, later by design. Today’s crops have been created by a process of selection and classical breeding. More specific improvements in breeding will be possible in future.
   Science has cracked the genetic information code. Green gene technology is an effective tool in crop breeding, enabling us to develop new crops even more rapidly and specifically. We can make them more efficient, optimizing their contents and valuable substances to suit the wishes and requirements of customers and the processing industry. Their metabolism can be individually modified, making them produce starch, protein and fats with special properties. Through gene transfer plants can be made more resistant to viruses, bacteria, harmful fungi and insect pests.
   Genetically modified plants can be cultivated to possess improved stress behavior, with the result that they absorb water better in dry locations and can make more efficient use of soil nutrients. We can also optimize weed control. To do so, we make crops tolerant to environmentally sound and easily degradable herbicides. This is not as simple as it sounds. But we have been successful: Innovator has been on the Canadian market since 1995. This is the first oilseed rape variety to contain the glufosinate tolerance gene, facilitating the use of AgrEvo’s broad-spectrurn herbicide liberty.
   We are committed to green gene technology, with which we aim to make crop breeding even more efficient and environmentally friendly. Before being brought on to the market these genetically modified plants are researched and tested for years until the questions posed regarding their safety have been answered. This is a great opportunity for us to realize our vision: the use of faster methods to breed varieties which will continue to provide us with sufficient food and raw materials in future. Our fossil reserves will soon be exhausted. Experts estimate that we only have enough oil for another 43 years and natural gas for less than 60.
   This means we must rethink and act accordingly, using new crop varieties to step up the move to replenishable sources of raw materials and energy. In other words, green gene technology is the key technology for sustainable agriculture.
选项
答案 绿色基因技术 在过去一万年中，人类改变了他们所利用的农作物。起初是无意的，后来则是刻意的。今天的作物是通过淘汰选择和传统育种的方法而得到的。将来，农作物育种将可能会进行更有针对性的改进。 科学破译了遗传信息密码。绿色基因技术是作物育种的一种有效工具，使我们能够以更快速度开发新的作物，更有针对性地改良作物性状。这些新作物由此产效增高，成分优化，能生产出有价值的物质，满足顾客和农产品加工业的期望和要求。这些作物的新陈代谢能个别修改，从而生产具有特殊性能的淀粉、蛋白质和脂肪。通过基因转移，增强植物抵抗病毒、细菌、有害真菌和害虫的能力。 转基因改良的作物抗环境胁迫能力得以提高，所以能较好地从干燥的土壤中吸收水份，能更有效地利用土壤养份。我们还能优化杂草控制。这样，使作物能忍耐那些环保易降解除草剂。这个说说容易，做起来就不是那么回事了。尽管如此，我们已经获得了成功：早在1995年“革新者”牌就推向了加拿大市场。这就是第一代含油作物的变体品种，含有抗草铵膦基因，因此可以自由方便地使用农业环保公司生产的广谱除草剂。 我们采用绿色基因技术，目的在于使作物育种更有效，更环保。这些转基因作物投放到市场之前，我们对其安全性进行了多年研究与试验，直到所有问题都明朗化。这是一个实现我们目标的大好机遇。我们的目标是：应用更快捷的方法来培育品种，在将来不断向我们提供足够的食物和原料。化石能源储备不久将被耗尽。专家们估计，原油仅够用43年，而天然气则不到60年。 这意味着，我们必须对此重新思考，采取行动，应用新作物品种来促进开发可重复利用的原料和能源。换言之，绿色基因技术就是可持续农业的关键技术。
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