The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as w

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问题     The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Poland, behind at least 10 other nations. Within the United States, the achievement gap between white students and poor and minority students stubbornly persists.
    For much of the last half century professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess and some people definitely do not.

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答案 比较而言,美国中小学教育水平的下降,长期以来不但是国家的一个窘境,而且对国家的未来也是一个威胁。曾几何时,美国学生的考试成绩优于世界各国的学生。可如今,美国中小学学生(成绩)的排名与欧洲各国相比,大体上与波兰相当,至少落后于其他10个国家。在美国国内,白人学生与贫困生和少数族裔学生在成绩上的差距依然如故。 在上个世纪后50年的大部分时间里,职业教育家相信只要能找到正确的教育模型、正确的施教方法,一切都会好起来。然而,近年来研究人员发现某些似乎是显而易见的事物,但由于众多原因而被忽视或否定。真正起作用的是教师的素质,这比起班级人数多少、教科书、教学方法或技术重要得多。教学能力——启发年轻学生的思维、驾驭课堂秩序的能力——大部分是与生俱来的,有些人天生就有这种能力,而有些人则根本没有。

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