首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
During the reign of Augustus the Rome army became a professional one. Its core of legionaires was composed of Roman citizens who
During the reign of Augustus the Rome army became a professional one. Its core of legionaires was composed of Roman citizens who
admin
2010-04-28
53
问题
During the reign of Augustus the Rome army became a professional one. Its core of legionaires was composed of Roman citizens who served for a minimum of twenty five years. Augustus in his reign tried to eliminate the loyalty of the legions to the generals who commanded them, forcing them to take an oath of allegiance directly to him. While the legions remained relatively loyal to Augustus during his reign, under others, especially the more corrupt emperors or those who unwisely treated the military poorly, the legions often took power into their own hands. Legions continued to move farther and farther to the outskirts of society, especially in the later periods of the empire as the majority of legionaires no longer came from Italy, and were instead born in the provinces. The loyalty the legions felt to their emperor only degraded more with time, and lead in the 2nd Centry and 3rd Century to a large number of military usurpers and civil wars. By the time of the military officer emperors that characterized the period following the Crisis of the Third Century the Roman army was just as likely to be attacking itself as an outside invader.
Both the pre-and post-Marian armies were greatly assisted by auxiliary troops. A typical Roman legion was accompanied by a matching auxiliary legion. In the pre-Marian army these auxiliary troops were Italians, and often Latins, from cities near Rome. The post-Marian army incorporated these Italian soldiers into its standard legions (as all Italians were Roman citizens after the Social War). Its auxiliary troops were made up of foreigners from provinces distant to Rome, who gained Roman citizenship after completing their twenty five years of service. This system of foreign auxiliaries allowed the post-Marian army to strengthen traditional weak points of the Roman system, such as light missile troops and cavalry, with foreign specialists, especially as the richer classes took less and less part of military affairs and the Roman army lost much of its domestic calvary.
At the beginning of the Imperial period the number of legions was 60, which Augustus more than halved to 25, numbering at approximately 160,000 men. As mow territory was conquered throughout the Imperial period, this fluctuated into the mid-thirties. At the same time, at the beginning of the Imperial period the foreign auxiliaries made up a rather small portion of the military, but continued to rise, so that by the end of the period of the Five Good Emperors they probably equalled the legionaires in number, giving a combined total of between 300,000 and 400,000 men in the Army.
The last major reform of the Imperial Army came under the reign of Diocletian in the late 3rd Century. During the instability that had marked most of that century, the army had fallen in number and lost much of its ability to effectively police and defend the empire. He quickly recruited a large number of men, increasing the number of legionaires from between 150,000-200,000 to 350,000-400,000, effectively doubling the number in a case of quantity over quality.
During the reign of Augustus, changes happened in Rome army, excluding ______.
选项
A、soldiers should promised to be loyal to Augustus himself
B、citizens became the core of the army
C、generals still had absolute control of the army
D、the power of generals was relatively weakened
答案
C
解析
第一段讲到,在奥古斯塔统治时期,公民成为军队的核心,为了确保对军队的控制,他强迫士兵对其宣誓效忠,在他的统治下,军队相对而言是比较忠诚的,与之相应的就是将军们的权力相对被削弱。故选择C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/VgqO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
PresidentBushonWednesdayissuedhissecondvetoofameasureliftinghisrestrictionsonhumanembryonicstemcellexperiment
Education【C1】______inthemodernizationofourcountry.Thereare,however,still【C2】______childreninremoteruralareaswho
Education【C1】______inthemodernizationofourcountry.Thereare,however,still【C2】______childreninremoteruralareaswho
Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall
Theterm"Americandream"wasfirstusedin【B1】______inanovelwrittenbyHoratioAlger:RaggedDick.Themessagewas:Nomatte
RecreationalcyclingappearstohavepeakedintheUS,itspopularitycrestingsometimeduringLanceArmstrong’srecordrunsat
Thecollegeboard’srecentlyannouncedchangestoitsSATcollegeentranceexambringtomindthefamiliarphrasetoolittle,to
Thecollegeboard’srecentlyannouncedchangestoitsSATcollegeentranceexambringtomindthefamiliarphrasetoolittle,to
Icryeasily.IonceburstintotearswhenthecurtaincamedownontheKirovBallet’s"SwanLake".Istillchokeupeverytime
A、Heisinterestedinscience.B、Hechangeshismindeasily.C、Heisnotgoodatpaintingatall.D、Hedoesn’tworryaboutthes
随机试题
测得某碱液蒸发器中蒸发室内二次蒸气的压力为p,碱液沸点为t。今若据p去查水的汽化潜热rp与据t去查水的汽化潜热rt,可断定r与rt的相对大小为()。
Whatdoesthepoem"TheChimneySweeper(fromSongsofExperience)"reveal?
最可能的诊断是该病人应首选的治疗是
以下属于主要水工建筑物的有()。
燃气锅炉房选用的防爆型事故排风机,其排风量满足换气次数不少于()次/h。
某房地产开发企业以出让方式取得一宗土地的开发经营权,土地出让年限为50年。根据土地使用权出让合同及规划设计条件,可建设8幢17层的住宅。项目采用一次性开发的方式,预计建设期为2年,第一年开始预售。在营销策划过程中,确定营销活动由房地产开发企业自行组织,采取
以下经济组织中,()可以公开发行股票。
一些同志______懂得建设社会主义精神文明的重要,______知道它在建设中国特色社会主义当中的地位,______在一定时期内能够做到两个文明一起抓,______当精神文明建设形势比较好,经济建设任务又很重要的时候,他们往往______自觉不自觉地将精神
2014年12月,为加快旧城改造,某市城南区政府决定征收黎明小区的房屋。就补偿问题,区政府未能与部分居民达成一致。区政府遂对小吴等反对拆迁的“钉子户”的住宅实施监控并断水断电。小吴在其微博中连续披露此事,批评区政府行为违法,引起社会关注。城南区政府以消除社
MIDI音乐、图像压缩编码、图像变换、流媒体、多媒体数据库、计算机支持的协同工作都是多媒体应用领域的相关技术。在上述技术中,为保证学生通过网络边下载边观看收听音视频信息,需要采用什么技术?活动图像专家组(MPEG)开发了许多电视图像数据和声音数据的编码
最新回复
(
0
)