首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
During the reign of Augustus the Rome army became a professional one. Its core of legionaires was composed of Roman citizens who
During the reign of Augustus the Rome army became a professional one. Its core of legionaires was composed of Roman citizens who
admin
2010-04-28
52
问题
During the reign of Augustus the Rome army became a professional one. Its core of legionaires was composed of Roman citizens who served for a minimum of twenty five years. Augustus in his reign tried to eliminate the loyalty of the legions to the generals who commanded them, forcing them to take an oath of allegiance directly to him. While the legions remained relatively loyal to Augustus during his reign, under others, especially the more corrupt emperors or those who unwisely treated the military poorly, the legions often took power into their own hands. Legions continued to move farther and farther to the outskirts of society, especially in the later periods of the empire as the majority of legionaires no longer came from Italy, and were instead born in the provinces. The loyalty the legions felt to their emperor only degraded more with time, and lead in the 2nd Centry and 3rd Century to a large number of military usurpers and civil wars. By the time of the military officer emperors that characterized the period following the Crisis of the Third Century the Roman army was just as likely to be attacking itself as an outside invader.
Both the pre-and post-Marian armies were greatly assisted by auxiliary troops. A typical Roman legion was accompanied by a matching auxiliary legion. In the pre-Marian army these auxiliary troops were Italians, and often Latins, from cities near Rome. The post-Marian army incorporated these Italian soldiers into its standard legions (as all Italians were Roman citizens after the Social War). Its auxiliary troops were made up of foreigners from provinces distant to Rome, who gained Roman citizenship after completing their twenty five years of service. This system of foreign auxiliaries allowed the post-Marian army to strengthen traditional weak points of the Roman system, such as light missile troops and cavalry, with foreign specialists, especially as the richer classes took less and less part of military affairs and the Roman army lost much of its domestic calvary.
At the beginning of the Imperial period the number of legions was 60, which Augustus more than halved to 25, numbering at approximately 160,000 men. As mow territory was conquered throughout the Imperial period, this fluctuated into the mid-thirties. At the same time, at the beginning of the Imperial period the foreign auxiliaries made up a rather small portion of the military, but continued to rise, so that by the end of the period of the Five Good Emperors they probably equalled the legionaires in number, giving a combined total of between 300,000 and 400,000 men in the Army.
The last major reform of the Imperial Army came under the reign of Diocletian in the late 3rd Century. During the instability that had marked most of that century, the army had fallen in number and lost much of its ability to effectively police and defend the empire. He quickly recruited a large number of men, increasing the number of legionaires from between 150,000-200,000 to 350,000-400,000, effectively doubling the number in a case of quantity over quality.
During the reign of Augustus, changes happened in Rome army, excluding ______.
选项
A、soldiers should promised to be loyal to Augustus himself
B、citizens became the core of the army
C、generals still had absolute control of the army
D、the power of generals was relatively weakened
答案
C
解析
第一段讲到,在奥古斯塔统治时期,公民成为军队的核心,为了确保对军队的控制,他强迫士兵对其宣誓效忠,在他的统治下,军队相对而言是比较忠诚的,与之相应的就是将军们的权力相对被削弱。故选择C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/VgqO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
CulturalrelevanceandsensitivityarekeyissuesthatAmericancompanieshavetotackleastheytapintothefast-growingethni
PresidentBushonWednesdayissuedhissecondvetoofameasureliftinghisrestrictionsonhumanembryonicstemcellexperiment
A、Quickchoicesarealwaysbaddecisions.B、Oneshouldalwaysthinktwicebeforemakingadecision.C、Lookingbackhelpsoneto
Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall
Stocks,bonds,land—peopleinvestindifferentthingsand【C1】______.Butallinvestors【C2】______.Theywanttogetmoremoneyou
A、Theyarecheaper.B、Theydonotpolluteasmuch.C、Theyaresimplertodrive.D、Theyarefaster.B
Worktodayisaboutfarmorethaneconomics.MoreeventhanwhenTheodoreRooseveltextolleditsvirtues,peopletheworldover
Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisourbuilt-in【B1】______predispositiontoexpand
A、thedecisionscanbetakenmoreeasily.B、EU’srelationshiptothememberstatesisclearlyregulatedC、thevotingprocedures
随机试题
下列选项中属于因果联系的是()
下列关于垫棉法的注意事项,叙述正确的是
关于商业汇票的贴现,说法错误的有( )。
一般选择开放式指数基金、大型蓝筹股股票等的投资者属于()。
白鹭是一首精巧的诗。色素的配合,身段的大小,一切都很适宜。但却因为它的常见,而被人忘却了它的美。那雪白的蓑毛,那全身的流线型的结构,那铁色的长喙,那青色的脚,______之一分则嫌长,______之一分则嫌短,______之一忽则嫌白,______之一忽则
L公司刚支付了2.25元的股利,并预计股利会以5%每年的速度增长,该公司的风险水平对应的折现率为11%,该公司的股价应与以下哪个数值最接近?()[对外经济贸易大学2012金融硕士]
下列选项中,体现罪责刑相适应原则的是()
求定积分.
窗体上有一个名称为Commandl的命令按钮,其单击事件过程如下:OptionBase1PrivateSubCommand1Click()Dima(4,4)AsIntegerFori=1To4Forj=1To4a(i
ForAmericans,timeismoney.Theysay,"Youonlygetsomuchtimeinthislife;you’dbetteruseitwisely."The【B1】______will
最新回复
(
0
)