2. 外语
  3. 老子姓李名耳，是春秋时期(the Spring and Autumn Period)伟大的哲学家、思想家，道家思想(Taoism)的创始人。他撰写的经典著作《道德经》(Tao Te Ching)，虽然只有五千多个字，却包含着朴素的辩证思想(dialecti

老子姓李名耳，是春秋时期(the Spring and Autumn Period)伟大的哲学家、思想家，道家思想(Taoism)的创始人。他撰写的经典著作《道德经》(Tao Te Ching)，虽然只有五千多个字，却包含着朴素的辩证思想(dialecti

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问题     老子姓李名耳，是春秋时期(the Spring and Autumn Period)伟大的哲学家、思想家，道家思想(Taoism)的创始人。他撰写的经典著作《道德经》(Tao Te Ching)，虽然只有五千多个字，却包含着朴素的辩证思想(dialectical thinking)。他的作品充满着智慧，对后人的思想产生了深远的影响。儒家思想(Confucianism)的代表人物孔子(Confucius)就曾拜访过老子，并把老子比作“龙”，认为老子的思想非常深奥。老子反对物欲，重视精神生活，主张争取精神的自由和解放。在现代社会，他的哲学思想仍然具有重大的意义。
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答案Laozi, whose family name was Li and given name Er, was a great philosopher, thinker and founder of Taoism in the Spring and Autumn Period. His classic Too Te Ching has only about 5000 characters but contains plain dialectical thinking. His works are filled with wisdom, which have a far-reaching impact upon the thoughts of later generational thinking. Confucius, the representative of Confucianism, once visited Laozi and compared him to a "dragon" as his thought was believed to be highly profound. Attaching great importance to spiritual life, Laozi opposed material desires and advocated the spiritual freedom and liberation. His philosophy is still of great significance in modern society.
解析 1．“老子姓李名耳，是……”中，“姓李名耳”用定语从句whose family name was Li and given name(was)Er来表达，可以避免过多地使用并列句或者拆译成两句，使译文更简洁。
2．“他撰写的经典著作”可译成his classic，省略“撰写的”，句子更简洁，且能表达出原意。用the classicwritten by him也可以，但是不够简洁。
3．“他的作品充满着智慧，对后人的思想产生了深远的影响”在翻译时可以不使用and连接的并列句，而是将“对后人产生了非常深远的影响”改为用which引导的非限制性定语从句，使译文句式多样化。
4．“老子反对物欲，重视精神生活，主张……”汉语中的并列谓语动词太多，翻译时适当改变句型，将“重视精神生活”单独提出来放在居首，用现在分词作状语表达，译成attaching great importance to spiritual life。
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