2. 外语
  3. 现在有不少慈善组织，专门帮助疲惫不堪的旅行者。但是对陌生人友好的老传统在美国仍盛行不衰，尤其是在远离旅游热线的小城镇。“我刚转了一圈，同这个美国人聊了聊，时间不长，他就请我到他家吃饭——真是不可思议”。在来美国的游客中碰到过这类事的人不在少数，但对此并非都

现在有不少慈善组织，专门帮助疲惫不堪的旅行者。但是对陌生人友好的老传统在美国仍盛行不衰，尤其是在远离旅游热线的小城镇。“我刚转了一圈，同这个美国人聊了聊，时间不长，他就请我到他家吃饭——真是不可思议”。在来美国的游客中碰到过这类事的人不在少数，但对此并非都

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问题     现在有不少慈善组织，专门帮助疲惫不堪的旅行者。但是对陌生人友好的老传统在美国仍盛行不衰，尤其是在远离旅游热线的小城镇。“我刚转了一圈，同这个美国人聊了聊，时间不长，他就请我到他家吃饭——真是不可思议”。在来美国的游客中碰到过这类事的人不在少数，但对此并非都能正确理解。许多美国人随意表现出来的友好态度不应看作表面应付或故作姿态，应当视为世界发展形成的一种文化传统。
    同任何发达国家一样，所有美国人的社会交往都要受制于一整套复杂的文化特征、信念和习俗。当然，会讲一种语言并不意味着就明白该语言的社会与文化模式，不能正确“诠释”文化意义的旅行者经常得出错误的结论。比如，美国人嘴里的“朋友”，其文化内涵可能与旅行者母语中的“朋友”所指及文化内涵大相径庭。要想分清称呼“朋友”是出自好客的习俗还是出自个人兴趣，只靠在公共汽车上的萍水相逢是不够的。但是，友善是许多美国人大力推崇的美德，他们也希望邻人与陌生人也会如此。
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答案 Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the U. S. , especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. " I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner—amazing. " Such observations reported by visitors to the U. S. are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily meant that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to "translate" cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word "friend" , the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’ s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many American value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.
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