2. 外语
  3. 随着经济社会发展和物质消费水平大幅提高，我国生活垃圾产生量迅速增长，环境隐患日益突出，已经成为新型城镇化发展的制约因素。实施生活垃圾分类(garbage sorting)，可以有效改善城乡环境，促进资源回收利用，提高城镇化质量。 垃圾分类是

随着经济社会发展和物质消费水平大幅提高，我国生活垃圾产生量迅速增长，环境隐患日益突出，已经成为新型城镇化发展的制约因素。实施生活垃圾分类(garbage sorting)，可以有效改善城乡环境，促进资源回收利用，提高城镇化质量。 垃圾分类是

admin2023-03-07  103
问题         随着经济社会发展和物质消费水平大幅提高，我国生活垃圾产生量迅速增长，环境隐患日益突出，已经成为新型城镇化发展的制约因素。实施生活垃圾分类(garbage sorting)，可以有效改善城乡环境，促进资源回收利用，提高城镇化质量。
        垃圾分类是处置垃圾的首要环节，是解决垃圾出路问题的一个重要举措，垃圾分类是按照垃圾的不同成分、利用价值，以及对环境的影响，根据不同处置方式的要求，分成若干种类，进行分类投放，并通过分类收集、分类运输、分类处理，实现垃圾减量化、资源化、无害化。
        首先，充分回收利用可回收物。通过分类投放、分类收集，把有用物品，如纸张、塑料、橡胶、玻璃等从垃圾中分离出来利用。如1吨废纸可再生新纸0．8吨，相当于少砍伐树龄为30年的树木20棵。
        其次，减少垃圾处理量。分类收集便于对不同垃圾进行分类处理，例如果皮转化为有机肥。其他垃圾则进行卫生填埋或焚烧，可减少填埋量，从而节省宝贵的土地资源，实现社会效益和生态环境的双赢。
        再者，如果我们不对生活垃圾进行分类，将增加后续处理难度，可造成对空气，水质、土壤的污染，危害人体健康，损害环境。总之，垃圾分类既能提高垃圾利用水平，又能减少垃圾处置量，达到回收可用资源、降低处置成本、减少土地消耗的目标，实现社会、经济、生态三方面的效益。
选项
答案 With the substantial improvement of material consumption level due to economic and social development, China’s production of household garbage has mounted up rapidly, leading to increasingly prominent environmental hazards, which poses constraints to new urbanization. The implementation of household garbage sorting will effectively improve urban and rural environment, facilitate resource recycling and improve the quality of urbanization. Sorting is the primary step of garbage handling as well as an important measure to solve the garbage disposal problem. It classifies garbage into different kinds to put them into corresponding bins according to their containment, recycling value, impacts on the environment and requirements for disposal. Through classified collection, transportation and handling, garbage sorting achieves the reduction, resource utilization, and harmlessness of waste. First of all, garbage sorting makes full use of recyclables. Useful materials, such as paper, plastic, rubber, and glass, should be separated from other waste for recycling through classified placement and collection. For example, a ton of waste paper can regenerate 0.8 tons of new paper, saving twenty 30-year-old trees. Secondly, it will reduce the amount of waste disposal. Classified collection makes it easier to handle different wastes in different ways. For example, fruit peels will be converted into organic fertilizer. This diminishes the volume of wastes disposed of in landfills as they end up with sanitary landfill or incineration, so as to save precious land resources, accomplishing both social and ecological benefits. Moreover, the absence of sorting will add difficulty to the follow-up handling, which may further result in air, water, and soil pollution, damaging human health and the environment. All in all, garbage sorting not only improves garbage recycling but also decreases the amount of waste disposal, reaching goals of recycling available resources, reducing disposal costs and land consumption, and it also brings benefits in social, economic, and ecological aspects.
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