老龄化对国家财政的影响众所周知——节节高攀的医疗和养老金(pension)支出。然而,老龄化的影响远不止于此。在老龄化社会里,劳动力市场、储蓄方式以及人口流动都会发生变化。最令人担忧的是,劳动力短缺,劳动力市场不稳定,生产力下降等问题都会对发展造成严重威胁

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问题 老龄化对国家财政的影响众所周知——节节高攀的医疗和养老金(pension)支出。然而,老龄化的影响远不止于此。在老龄化社会里,劳动力市场、储蓄方式以及人口流动都会发生变化。最令人担忧的是,劳动力短缺,劳动力市场不稳定,生产力下降等问题都会对发展造成严重威胁。中国的平均收人水平仍然停留在低收入阶段,这使得中国人口老龄化问题尤其复杂。

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答案 The fiscal constraints to a nation related to the aging of population are well known, namely spiraling healthcare and pension costs. However, the influences of aging are much more than this. In an aging society, labor markets, saving patterns and migration flows will change. Most worryingly, labor shortage, unstable labor market and declining productivity pose serious threats to the development. Aging of population in China is particularly complex because the average income of Chinese still stays at a low level.

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